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turso/COMPAT.md
jussisaurio eb9374aebf Merge 'Add support for CASE expressions.' from Alex Miller 
There's two forms of case:
  CASE (WHEN [bool expr] THEN [value])+ (ELSE [value])? END
which checks a series of boolean conditions, and:
  CASE expr (WHEN [expr] THEN [value})+ (ELSE [value])? END
Which checks a series of equality conditions.
This implements support for both. Note that the ELSE is optional, and
will be equivalent to `ELSE null` if not specified.
sqlite3 gives the implementation as:
```
sqlite> explain select case a WHEN a THEN b WHEN c THEN d ELSE 0 END from casetest;
addr  opcode         p1    p2    p3    p4             p5  comment
----  -------------  ----  ----  ----  -------------  --  -------------
0     Init           0     16    0                    0   Start at 16
1     OpenRead       0     3     0     4              0   root=3 iDb=0; casetest
2     Rewind         0     15    0                    0
3       Column         0     0     2                    0   r[2]= cursor 0 column 0
4       Column         0     0     3                    0   r[3]= cursor 0 column 0
5       Ne             3     8     2     BINARY-8       83  if r[2]!=r[3] goto 8
6       Column         0     1     1                    0   r[1]= cursor 0 column 1
7       Goto           0     13    0                    0
8       Column         0     2     3                    0   r[3]= cursor 0 column 2
9       Ne             3     12    2     BINARY-8       83  if r[2]!=r[3] goto 12
10      Column         0     3     1                    0   r[1]= cursor 0 column 3
11      Goto           0     13    0                    0
12      Integer        0     1     0                    0   r[1]=0
13      ResultRow      1     1     0                    0   output=r[1]
14    Next           0     3     0                    1
15    Halt           0     0     0                    0
16    Transaction    0     0     2     0              1   usesStmtJournal=0
17    Goto           0     1     0                    0
```
and after this patch, limbo gives:
```
addr  opcode             p1    p2    p3    p4             p5  comment
----  -----------------  ----  ----  ----  -------------  --  -------
0     Init               0     19    0                    0   Start at 19
1     OpenReadAsync      0     4     0                    0   table=casetest, root=4
2     OpenReadAwait      0     0     0                    0
3     RewindAsync        0     0     0                    0
4     RewindAwait        0     18    0                    0   Rewind table casetest
5       Column           0     0     2                    0   r[2]=casetest.a
6       Column           0     0     3                    0   r[3]=casetest.a
7       Ne               2     3     10                   0   if r[2]!=r[3] goto 10
8       Column           0     1     1                    0   r[1]=casetest.b
9       Goto             0     15    0                    0
10      Column           0     2     3                    0   r[3]=casetest.c
11      Ne               2     3     14                   0   if r[2]!=r[3] goto 14
12      Column           0     3     1                    0   r[1]=casetest.d
13      Goto             0     15    0                    0
14      Integer          0     1     0                    0   r[1]=0
15      ResultRow        1     1     0                    0   output=r[1]
16    NextAsync          0     0     0                    0
17    NextAwait          0     5     0                    0
18    Halt               0     0     0                    0
19    Transaction        0     0     0                    0
20    Goto               0     1     0                    0
```
And then as there's nowhere to annotate this new support in COMPAT.md, I
added a corresponding heading for SELECT expressions and what is/isn't
supported.

Reviewed-by: Jussi Saurio <jussi.saurio@gmail.com>

Closes #425
2024-12-11 17:05:41 +02:00

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# SQLite Compatibility
This document describes the SQLite compatibility status of Limbo:
- [SQLite Compatibility](#sqlite-compatibility)
- [Limitations](#limitations)
- [SQL statements](#sql-statements)
- [SQL functions](#sql-functions)
- [Scalar functions](#scalar-functions)
- [Aggregate functions](#aggregate-functions)
- [Date and time functions](#date-and-time-functions)
- [JSON functions](#json-functions)
- [SQLite API](#sqlite-api)
- [SQLite VDBE opcodes](#sqlite-vdbe-opcodes)
## Limitations
* Limbo does not support database access from multiple processes.
## SQL statements
| Statement | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------|---------|---------|
| ALTER TABLE | No | |
| ANALYZE | No | |
| ATTACH DATABASE | No | |
| BEGIN TRANSACTION | No | |
| COMMIT TRANSACTION | No | |
| CREATE INDEX | No | |
| CREATE TABLE | Partial | |
| CREATE TRIGGER | No | |
| CREATE VIEW | No | |
| CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE | No | |
| DELETE | No | |
| DETACH DATABASE | No | |
| DROP INDEX | No | |
| DROP TABLE | No | |
| DROP TRIGGER | No | |
| DROP VIEW | No | |
| END TRANSACTION | No | |
| EXPLAIN | Yes | |
| INDEXED BY | No | |
| INSERT | Partial | |
| ON CONFLICT clause | No | |
| PRAGMA | Partial | |
| PRAGMA cache_size   | Yes | |
| REINDEX | No | |
| RELEASE SAVEPOINT | No | |
| REPLACE | No | |
| RETURNING clause | No | |
| ROLLBACK TRANSACTION | No | |
| SAVEPOINT | No | |
| SELECT | Partial | |
| SELECT ... WHERE | Partial | |
| SELECT ... WHERE ... LIKE | Yes | |
| SELECT ... LIMIT | Yes | |
| SELECT ... ORDER BY | Partial | |
| SELECT ... GROUP BY | Partial | |
| SELECT ... HAVING | Partial | |
| SELECT ... JOIN | Partial | |
| SELECT ... CROSS JOIN | Partial | |
| SELECT ... INNER JOIN | Partial | |
| SELECT ... OUTER JOIN | Partial | |
| SELECT ... JOIN USING | Yes | |
| SELECT ... NATURAL JOIN | Yes | |
| UPDATE | No | |
| UPSERT | No | |
| VACUUM | No | |
| WITH clause | No | |
### SELECT Expressions
Feature support of [sqlite expr syntax](https://www.sqlite.org/lang_expr.html).
| Syntax | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------|---------|---------|
| literals | Yes | |
| schema.table.column | Partial | Schemas aren't supported |
| unary operator | Partial | `-` supported, `+~` aren't |
| binary operator | Partial | Only `%`, `!<`, and `!>` are unsupported |
| agg() FILTER (WHERE ...) | No | Is incorrectly ignored |
| ... OVER (...) | No | Is incorrectly ignored |
| (expr) | Yes | |
| CAST (expr AS type) | Yes | |
| COLLATE | No | |
| (NOT) LIKE | No | |
| (NOT) GLOB | No | |
| (NOT) REGEXP | No | |
| (NOT) MATCH | No | |
| IS (NOT) | No | |
| IS (NOT) DISTINCT FROM | No | |
| (NOT) BETWEEN ... AND ... | No | |
| (NOT) IN (subquery) | No | |
| (NOT) EXISTS (subquery) | No | |
| CASE WHEN THEN ELSE END | Yes | |
| RAISE | No | |
## SQL functions
### Scalar functions
| Function | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------|--------|---------|
| abs(X) | Yes | |
| changes() | No | |
| char(X1,X2,...,XN) | Yes | |
| coalesce(X,Y,...) | Yes | |
| concat(X,...) | Yes | |
| concat_ws(SEP,X,...) | Yes | |
| format(FORMAT,...) | No | |
| glob(X,Y) | Yes | |
| hex(X) | Yes | |
| ifnull(X,Y) | Yes | |
| iif(X,Y,Z) | No | |
| instr(X,Y) | Yes | |
| last_insert_rowid() | Yes | |
| length(X) | Yes | |
| like(X,Y) | No | |
| like(X,Y,Z) | No | |
| likelihood(X,Y) | No | |
| likely(X) | No | |
| load_extension(X) | No | |
| load_extension(X,Y) | No | |
| lower(X) | Yes | |
| ltrim(X) | Yes | |
| ltrim(X,Y) | Yes | |
| max(X,Y,...) | Yes | |
| min(X,Y,...) | Yes | |
| nullif(X,Y) | Yes | |
| octet_length(X) | No | |
| printf(FORMAT,...) | No | |
| quote(X) | Yes | |
| random() | Yes | |
| randomblob(N) | Yes | |
| replace(X,Y,Z) | No | |
| round(X) | Yes | |
| round(X,Y) | Yes | |
| rtrim(X) | Yes | |
| rtrim(X,Y) | Yes | |
| sign(X) | Yes | |
| soundex(X) | No | |
| sqlite_compileoption_get(N) | No | |
| sqlite_compileoption_used(X) | No | |
| sqlite_offset(X) | No | |
| sqlite_source_id() | No | |
| sqlite_version() | Yes | |
| substr(X,Y,Z) | Yes | |
| substr(X,Y) | Yes | |
| substring(X,Y,Z) | Yes | |
| substring(X,Y) | Yes | |
| total_changes() | No | |
| trim(X) | Yes | |
| trim(X,Y) | Yes | |
| typeof(X) | Yes | |
| unhex(X) | Yes | |
| unhex(X,Y) | No | |
| unicode(X) | Yes | |
| unlikely(X) | No | |
| upper(X) | Yes | |
| zeroblob(N) | Yes | |
### Aggregate functions
| Function | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------|---------|---------|
| avg(X) | Yes | |
| count() | Yes | |
| count(*) | Yes | |
| group_concat(X) | Yes | |
| group_concat(X,Y) | Yes | |
| string_agg(X,Y) | Yes | |
| max(X) | Yes | |
| min(X) | Yes | |
| sum(X) | Yes | |
| total(X) | Yes | |
### Date and time functions
| Function | Status | Comment |
|-------------|---------|------------------------------|
| date() | Yes | partially supports modifiers |
| time() | Yes | partially supports modifiers |
| datetime() | No | |
| julianday() | No | |
| unixepoch() | Partial | does not support modifiers |
| strftime() | No | |
| timediff() | No | |
### JSON functions
| Function | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------------|---------|---------|
| json(json) | Partial | |
| jsonb(json) | | |
| json_array(value1,value2,...) | | |
| jsonb_array(value1,value2,...) | | |
| json_array_length(json) | | |
| json_array_length(json,path) | | |
| json_error_position(json) | | |
| json_extract(json,path,...) | | |
| jsonb_extract(json,path,...) | | |
| json -> path | | |
| json ->> path | | |
| json_insert(json,path,value,...) | | |
| jsonb_insert(json,path,value,...) | | |
| json_object(label1,value1,...) | | |
| jsonb_object(label1,value1,...) | | |
| json_patch(json1,json2) | | |
| jsonb_patch(json1,json2) | | |
| json_pretty(json) | | |
| json_remove(json,path,...) | | |
| jsonb_remove(json,path,...) | | |
| json_replace(json,path,value,...) | | |
| jsonb_replace(json,path,value,...) | | |
| json_set(json,path,value,...) | | |
| jsonb_set(json,path,value,...) | | |
| json_type(json) | | |
| json_type(json,path) | | |
| json_valid(json) | | |
| json_valid(json,flags) | | |
| json_quote(value) | | |
| json_group_array(value) | | |
| jsonb_group_array(value) | | |
| json_group_object(label,value) | | |
| jsonb_group_object(name,value) | | |
| json_each(json) | | |
| json_each(json,path) | | |
| json_tree(json) | | |
| json_tree(json,path) | | |
## SQLite API
| Interface | Status | Comment |
|------------------------------|---------|---------|
| sqlite3_open | Partial | |
| sqlite3_close | Yes | |
| sqlite3_prepare | Partial | |
| sqlite3_finalize | Yes | |
| sqlite3_step | Yes | |
| sqlite3_column_text | Yes | |
## SQLite VDBE opcodes
| Opcode | Status |
|-----------------|--------|
| Add | Yes |
| AddImm | No |
| Affinity | No |
| AggFinal | Yes |
| AggStep | Yes |
| AggStep | Yes |
| And | No |
| AutoCommit | No |
| BitAnd | No |
| BitNot | No |
| BitOr | No |
| Blob | Yes |
| Checkpoint | No |
| Clear | No |
| Close | No |
| CollSeq | No |
| Column | Yes |
| Compare | No |
| Concat | No |
| Copy | Yes |
| Count | No |
| CreateIndex | No |
| CreateTable | No |
| DecrJumpZero | Yes |
| Delete | No |
| Destroy | No |
| Divide | Yes |
| DropIndex | No |
| DropTable | No |
| DropTrigger | No |
| EndCoroutine | Yes |
| Eq | Yes |
| Expire | No |
| Explain | No |
| FkCounter | No |
| FkIfZero | No |
| Found | No |
| Function | Yes |
| Ge | Yes |
| Gosub | No |
| Goto | Yes |
| Gt | Yes |
| Halt | Yes |
| HaltIfNull | No |
| IdxDelete | No |
| IdxGE | No |
| IdxInsert | No |
| IdxLT | No |
| IdxRowid | No |
| If | Yes |
| IfNeg | No |
| IfNot | Yes |
| IfPos | Yes |
| IfZero | No |
| IncrVacuum | No |
| Init | Yes |
| InitCoroutine | Yes |
| Insert | No |
| InsertAsync | Yes |
| InsertAwait | Yes |
| InsertInt | No |
| Int64 | No |
| Integer | Yes |
| IntegrityCk | No |
| IsNull | No |
| IsUnique | No |
| JournalMode | No |
| Jump | No |
| Last | No |
| Le | Yes |
| LoadAnalysis | No |
| Lt | Yes |
| MakeRecord | Yes |
| MaxPgcnt | No |
| MemMax | No |
| Move | No |
| Multiply | Yes |
| MustBeInt | Yes |
| Ne | Yes |
| NewRowid | Yes |
| Next | No |
| NextAsync | Yes |
| NextAwait | Yes |
| Noop | No |
| Not | No |
| NotExists | Yes |
| NotFound | No |
| NotNull | Yes |
| Null | Yes |
| NullRow | Yes |
| Once | No |
| OpenAutoindex | No |
| OpenEphemeral | No |
| OpenPseudo | Yes |
| OpenRead | Yes |
| OpenReadAsync | Yes |
| OpenWrite | No |
| OpenWriteAsync | Yes |
| OpenWriteAwait | Yes |
| Or | No |
| Pagecount | No |
| Param | No |
| ParseSchema | No |
| Permutation | No |
| Prev | No |
| Program | No |
| ReadCookie | No |
| Real | Yes |
| RealAffinity | Yes |
| Remainder | No |
| ResetCount | No |
| ResultRow | Yes |
| Return | No |
| Rewind | Yes |
| RewindAsync | Yes |
| RewindAwait | Yes |
| RowData | No |
| RowId | Yes |
| RowKey | No |
| RowSetAdd | No |
| RowSetRead | No |
| RowSetTest | No |
| Rowid | Yes |
| SCopy | No |
| Savepoint | No |
| Seek | No |
| SeekGe | No |
| SeekGt | No |
| SeekLe | No |
| SeekLt | No |
| SeekRowid | Yes |
| Sequence | No |
| SetCookie | No |
| ShiftLeft | No |
| ShiftRight | No |
| SoftNull | Yes |
| Sort | No |
| SorterCompare | No |
| SorterData | Yes |
| SorterInsert | Yes |
| SorterNext | Yes |
| SorterOpen | Yes |
| SorterSort | Yes |
| String | No |
| String8 | Yes |
| Subtract | Yes |
| TableLock | No |
| ToBlob | No |
| ToInt | No |
| ToNumeric | No |
| ToReal | No |
| ToText | No |
| Trace | No |
| Transaction | No |
| VBegin | No |
| VColumn | No |
| VCreate | No |
| VDestroy | No |
| VFilter | No |
| VNext | No |
| VOpen | No |
| VRename | No |
| VUpdate | No |
| Vacuum | No |
| Variable | No |
| VerifyCookie | No |
| Yield | Yes |
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