feat: add client capability checking to ServerSession

Add methods to track and verify client capabilities during initialization. This
includes storing client parameters from the initialize request and providing a
check_client_capability method to verify if specific capabilities are supported
by the connected client.

src/mcp/server/session.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class ServerSession(
     ]
 ):
     _initialized: InitializationState = InitializationState.NotInitialized
+    _client_params: types.InitializeRequestParams | None = None
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -43,12 +44,47 @@ class ServerSession(
         self._initialization_state = InitializationState.NotInitialized
         self._init_options = init_options
 
+    @property
+    def client_params(self) -> types.InitializeRequestParams | None:
+        return self._client_params
+
+    def check_client_capability(self, capability: types.ClientCapabilities) -> bool:
+        """Check if the client supports a specific capability."""
+        if self._client_params is None:
+            return False
+
+        # Get client capabilities from initialization params
+        client_caps = self._client_params.capabilities
+
+        # Check each specified capability in the passed in capability object
+        if capability.roots is not None:
+            if client_caps.roots is None:
+                return False
+            if capability.roots.listChanged and not client_caps.roots.listChanged:
+                return False
+
+        if capability.sampling is not None:
+            if client_caps.sampling is None:
+                return False
+
+        if capability.experimental is not None:
+            if client_caps.experimental is None:
+                return False
+            # Check each experimental capability
+            for exp_key, exp_value in capability.experimental.items():
+                if (exp_key not in client_caps.experimental or
+                    client_caps.experimental[exp_key] != exp_value):
+                    return False
+
+        return True
+
     async def _received_request(
         self, responder: RequestResponder[types.ClientRequest, types.ServerResult]
     ):
         match responder.request.root:
-            case types.InitializeRequest():
+            case types.InitializeRequest(params=params):
                 self._initialization_state = InitializationState.Initializing
+                self._client_params = params
                 await responder.respond(
                     types.ServerResult(
                         types.InitializeResult(
@@ -81,6 +117,7 @@ class ServerSession(
                         "Received notification before initialization was complete"
                     )
 
+
     async def send_log_message(
         self, level: types.LoggingLevel, data: Any, logger: str | None = None
     ) -> None: