Files
turso/core/translate/mod.rs

542 lines
20 KiB
Rust

//! The VDBE bytecode code generator.
//!
//! This module is responsible for translating the SQL AST into a sequence of
//! instructions for the VDBE. The VDBE is a register-based virtual machine that
//! executes bytecode instructions. This code generator is responsible for taking
//! the SQL AST and generating the corresponding VDBE instructions. For example,
//! a SELECT statement will be translated into a sequence of instructions that
//! will read rows from the database and filter them according to a WHERE clause.
pub(crate) mod aggregation;
pub(crate) mod delete;
pub(crate) mod emitter;
pub(crate) mod expr;
pub(crate) mod group_by;
pub(crate) mod insert;
pub(crate) mod main_loop;
pub(crate) mod optimizer;
pub(crate) mod order_by;
pub(crate) mod plan;
pub(crate) mod planner;
pub(crate) mod pragma;
pub(crate) mod result_row;
pub(crate) mod select;
pub(crate) mod subquery;
use crate::schema::Schema;
use crate::storage::pager::Pager;
use crate::storage::sqlite3_ondisk::DatabaseHeader;
use crate::translate::delete::translate_delete;
use crate::util::PRIMARY_KEY_AUTOMATIC_INDEX_NAME_PREFIX;
use crate::vdbe::builder::CursorType;
use crate::vdbe::{builder::ProgramBuilder, insn::Insn, Program};
use crate::{bail_parse_error, Connection, LimboError, Result, SymbolTable};
use insert::translate_insert;
use select::translate_select;
use sqlite3_parser::ast::{self, fmt::ToTokens};
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::fmt::Display;
use std::rc::{Rc, Weak};
/// Translate SQL statement into bytecode program.
pub fn translate(
schema: &Schema,
stmt: ast::Stmt,
database_header: Rc<RefCell<DatabaseHeader>>,
pager: Rc<Pager>,
connection: Weak<Connection>,
syms: &SymbolTable,
) -> Result<Program> {
let mut program = ProgramBuilder::new();
let mut change_cnt_on = false;
match stmt {
ast::Stmt::AlterTable(_, _) => bail_parse_error!("ALTER TABLE not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Analyze(_) => bail_parse_error!("ANALYZE not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Attach { .. } => bail_parse_error!("ATTACH not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Begin(_, _) => bail_parse_error!("BEGIN not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Commit(_) => bail_parse_error!("COMMIT not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::CreateIndex { .. } => bail_parse_error!("CREATE INDEX not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::CreateTable {
temporary,
if_not_exists,
tbl_name,
body,
} => {
if temporary {
bail_parse_error!("TEMPORARY table not supported yet");
}
translate_create_table(&mut program, tbl_name, body, if_not_exists, schema)?;
}
ast::Stmt::CreateTrigger { .. } => bail_parse_error!("CREATE TRIGGER not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::CreateView { .. } => bail_parse_error!("CREATE VIEW not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::CreateVirtualTable { .. } => {
bail_parse_error!("CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE not supported yet")
}
ast::Stmt::Delete {
tbl_name,
where_clause,
limit,
..
} => {
change_cnt_on = true;
translate_delete(&mut program, schema, &tbl_name, where_clause, limit, syms)?;
}
ast::Stmt::Detach(_) => bail_parse_error!("DETACH not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::DropIndex { .. } => bail_parse_error!("DROP INDEX not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::DropTable { .. } => bail_parse_error!("DROP TABLE not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::DropTrigger { .. } => bail_parse_error!("DROP TRIGGER not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::DropView { .. } => bail_parse_error!("DROP VIEW not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Pragma(name, body) => {
pragma::translate_pragma(
&mut program,
&schema,
&name,
body,
database_header.clone(),
pager,
)?;
}
ast::Stmt::Reindex { .. } => bail_parse_error!("REINDEX not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Release(_) => bail_parse_error!("RELEASE not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Rollback { .. } => bail_parse_error!("ROLLBACK not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Savepoint(_) => bail_parse_error!("SAVEPOINT not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Select(select) => {
translate_select(&mut program, schema, *select, syms)?;
}
ast::Stmt::Update { .. } => bail_parse_error!("UPDATE not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Vacuum(_, _) => bail_parse_error!("VACUUM not supported yet"),
ast::Stmt::Insert {
with,
or_conflict,
tbl_name,
columns,
body,
returning,
} => {
change_cnt_on = true;
translate_insert(
&mut program,
schema,
&with,
&or_conflict,
&tbl_name,
&columns,
&body,
&returning,
syms,
)?;
}
}
Ok(program.build(database_header, connection, change_cnt_on))
}
/* Example:
sqlite> EXPLAIN CREATE TABLE users (id INT, email TEXT);;
addr opcode p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 comment
---- ------------- ---- ---- ---- ------------- -- -------------
0 Init 0 30 0 0 Start at 30
1 ReadCookie 0 3 2 0
2 If 3 5 0 0
3 SetCookie 0 2 4 0
4 SetCookie 0 5 1 0
5 CreateBtree 0 2 1 0 r[2]=root iDb=0 flags=1
6 OpenWrite 0 1 0 5 0 root=1 iDb=0
7 NewRowid 0 1 0 0 r[1]=rowid
8 Blob 6 3 0 0 r[3]= (len=6)
9 Insert 0 3 1 8 intkey=r[1] data=r[3]
10 Close 0 0 0 0
11 Close 0 0 0 0
12 Null 0 4 5 0 r[4..5]=NULL
13 Noop 2 0 4 0
14 OpenWrite 1 1 0 5 0 root=1 iDb=0; sqlite_master
15 SeekRowid 1 17 1 0 intkey=r[1]
16 Rowid 1 5 0 0 r[5]= rowid of 1
17 IsNull 5 26 0 0 if r[5]==NULL goto 26
18 String8 0 6 0 table 0 r[6]='table'
19 String8 0 7 0 users 0 r[7]='users'
20 String8 0 8 0 users 0 r[8]='users'
21 Copy 2 9 0 0 r[9]=r[2]
22 String8 0 10 0 CREATE TABLE users (id INT, email TEXT) 0 r[10]='CREATE TABLE users (id INT, email TEXT)'
23 MakeRecord 6 5 4 BBBDB 0 r[4]=mkrec(r[6..10])
24 Delete 1 68 5 0
25 Insert 1 4 5 0 intkey=r[5] data=r[4]
26 SetCookie 0 1 1 0
27 ParseSchema 0 0 0 tbl_name='users' AND type!='trigger' 0
28 SqlExec 1 0 0 PRAGMA "main".integrity_check('users') 0
29 Halt 0 0 0 0
30 Transaction 0 1 0 0 1 usesStmtJournal=1
31 Goto 0 1 0 0
*/
#[derive(Debug)]
enum SchemaEntryType {
Table,
Index,
}
impl SchemaEntryType {
fn as_str(&self) -> &'static str {
match self {
SchemaEntryType::Table => "table",
SchemaEntryType::Index => "index",
}
}
}
fn emit_schema_entry(
program: &mut ProgramBuilder,
sqlite_schema_cursor_id: usize,
entry_type: SchemaEntryType,
name: &str,
tbl_name: &str,
root_page_reg: usize,
sql: Option<String>,
) {
let rowid_reg = program.alloc_register();
program.emit_insn(Insn::NewRowid {
cursor: sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
rowid_reg,
prev_largest_reg: 0,
});
let type_reg = program.emit_string8_new_reg(entry_type.as_str().to_string());
program.emit_string8_new_reg(name.to_string());
program.emit_string8_new_reg(tbl_name.to_string());
let rootpage_reg = program.alloc_register();
program.emit_insn(Insn::Copy {
src_reg: root_page_reg,
dst_reg: rootpage_reg,
amount: 1,
});
let sql_reg = program.alloc_register();
if let Some(sql) = sql {
program.emit_string8(sql, sql_reg);
} else {
program.emit_null(sql_reg);
}
let record_reg = program.alloc_register();
program.emit_insn(Insn::MakeRecord {
start_reg: type_reg,
count: 5,
dest_reg: record_reg,
});
program.emit_insn(Insn::InsertAsync {
cursor: sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
key_reg: rowid_reg,
record_reg,
flag: 0,
});
program.emit_insn(Insn::InsertAwait {
cursor_id: sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
});
}
struct PrimaryKeyColumnInfo<'a> {
name: &'a String,
is_descending: bool,
}
/// Check if an automatic PRIMARY KEY index is required for the table.
/// If so, create a register for the index root page and return it.
///
/// An automatic PRIMARY KEY index is not required if:
/// - The table has no PRIMARY KEY
/// - The table has a single-column PRIMARY KEY whose typename is _exactly_ "INTEGER" e.g. not "INT".
/// In this case, the PRIMARY KEY column becomes an alias for the rowid.
///
/// Otherwise, an automatic PRIMARY KEY index is required.
fn check_automatic_pk_index_required(
body: &ast::CreateTableBody,
program: &mut ProgramBuilder,
tbl_name: &str,
) -> Result<Option<usize>> {
match body {
ast::CreateTableBody::ColumnsAndConstraints {
columns,
constraints,
options,
} => {
let mut primary_key_definition = None;
// Check table constraints for PRIMARY KEY
if let Some(constraints) = constraints {
for constraint in constraints {
if let ast::TableConstraint::PrimaryKey {
columns: pk_cols, ..
} = &constraint.constraint
{
let primary_key_column_results: Vec<Result<PrimaryKeyColumnInfo>> = pk_cols
.iter()
.map(|col| match &col.expr {
ast::Expr::Id(name) => Ok(PrimaryKeyColumnInfo {
name: &name.0,
is_descending: matches!(col.order, Some(ast::SortOrder::Desc)),
}),
_ => Err(LimboError::ParseError(
"expressions prohibited in PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints"
.to_string(),
)),
})
.collect();
for result in primary_key_column_results {
if let Err(e) = result {
bail_parse_error!("{}", e);
}
let pk_info = result?;
let column_name = pk_info.name;
let column_def = columns.get(&ast::Name(column_name.clone()));
if column_def.is_none() {
bail_parse_error!("No such column: {}", column_name);
}
if matches!(
primary_key_definition,
Some(PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Simple { .. })
) {
primary_key_definition = Some(PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Composite);
continue;
}
if primary_key_definition.is_none() {
let column_def = column_def.unwrap();
let typename =
column_def.col_type.as_ref().map(|t| t.name.as_str());
let is_descending = pk_info.is_descending;
primary_key_definition = Some(PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Simple {
typename,
is_descending,
});
}
}
}
}
}
// Check column constraints for PRIMARY KEY
for (_, col_def) in columns.iter() {
for constraint in &col_def.constraints {
if matches!(
constraint.constraint,
ast::ColumnConstraint::PrimaryKey { .. }
) {
if primary_key_definition.is_some() {
bail_parse_error!("table {} has more than one primary key", tbl_name);
}
let typename = col_def.col_type.as_ref().map(|t| t.name.as_str());
primary_key_definition = Some(PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Simple {
typename,
is_descending: false,
});
}
}
}
// Check if table has rowid
if options.contains(ast::TableOptions::WITHOUT_ROWID) {
bail_parse_error!("WITHOUT ROWID tables are not supported yet");
}
// Check if we need an automatic index
let needs_auto_index = if let Some(primary_key_definition) = &primary_key_definition {
match primary_key_definition {
PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Simple {
typename,
is_descending,
} => {
let is_integer =
typename.is_some() && typename.unwrap().to_uppercase() == "INTEGER";
!is_integer || *is_descending
}
PrimaryKeyDefinitionType::Composite => true,
}
} else {
false
};
if needs_auto_index {
let index_root_reg = program.alloc_register();
Ok(Some(index_root_reg))
} else {
Ok(None)
}
}
ast::CreateTableBody::AsSelect(_) => {
bail_parse_error!("CREATE TABLE AS SELECT not supported yet")
}
}
}
fn translate_create_table(
program: &mut ProgramBuilder,
tbl_name: ast::QualifiedName,
body: ast::CreateTableBody,
if_not_exists: bool,
schema: &Schema,
) -> Result<()> {
if schema.get_table(tbl_name.name.0.as_str()).is_some() {
if if_not_exists {
let init_label = program.emit_init();
let start_offset = program.offset();
program.emit_halt();
program.resolve_label(init_label, program.offset());
program.emit_transaction(true);
program.emit_constant_insns();
program.emit_goto(start_offset);
return Ok(());
}
bail_parse_error!("Table {} already exists", tbl_name);
}
let sql = create_table_body_to_str(&tbl_name, &body);
let parse_schema_label = program.allocate_label();
let init_label = program.emit_init();
let start_offset = program.offset();
// TODO: ReadCookie
// TODO: If
// TODO: SetCookie
// TODO: SetCookie
// Create the table B-tree
let table_root_reg = program.alloc_register();
program.emit_insn(Insn::CreateBtree {
db: 0,
root: table_root_reg,
flags: 1, // Table leaf page
});
// Create an automatic index B-tree if needed
//
// NOTE: we are deviating from SQLite bytecode here. For some reason, SQLite first creates a placeholder entry
// for the table in sqlite_schema, then writes the index to sqlite_schema, then UPDATEs the table placeholder entry
// in sqlite_schema with actual data.
//
// What we do instead is:
// 1. Create the table B-tree
// 2. Create the index B-tree
// 3. Add the table entry to sqlite_schema
// 4. Add the index entry to sqlite_schema
//
// I.e. we skip the weird song and dance with the placeholder entry. Unclear why sqlite does this.
// The sqlite code has this comment:
//
// "This just creates a place-holder record in the sqlite_schema table.
// The record created does not contain anything yet. It will be replaced
// by the real entry in code generated at sqlite3EndTable()."
//
// References:
// https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/95f6df5b8d55e67d1e34d2bff217305a2f21b1fb/src/build.c#L1355
// https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/95f6df5b8d55e67d1e34d2bff217305a2f21b1fb/src/build.c#L2856-L2871
// https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/blob/95f6df5b8d55e67d1e34d2bff217305a2f21b1fb/src/build.c#L1334C5-L1336C65
let index_root_reg = check_automatic_pk_index_required(&body, program, &tbl_name.name.0)?;
if let Some(index_root_reg) = index_root_reg {
program.emit_insn(Insn::CreateBtree {
db: 0,
root: index_root_reg,
flags: 2, // Index leaf page
});
}
let table_id = "sqlite_schema".to_string();
let table = schema.get_table(&table_id).unwrap();
let sqlite_schema_cursor_id = program.alloc_cursor_id(
Some(table_id.to_owned()),
CursorType::BTreeTable(table.clone()),
);
program.emit_insn(Insn::OpenWriteAsync {
cursor_id: sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
root_page: 1,
});
program.emit_insn(Insn::OpenWriteAwait {});
// Add the table entry to sqlite_schema
emit_schema_entry(
program,
sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
SchemaEntryType::Table,
&tbl_name.name.0,
&tbl_name.name.0,
table_root_reg,
Some(sql),
);
// If we need an automatic index, add its entry to sqlite_schema
if let Some(index_root_reg) = index_root_reg {
let index_name = format!(
"{}{}_1",
PRIMARY_KEY_AUTOMATIC_INDEX_NAME_PREFIX, tbl_name.name.0
);
emit_schema_entry(
program,
sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
SchemaEntryType::Index,
&index_name,
&tbl_name.name.0,
index_root_reg,
None,
);
}
program.resolve_label(parse_schema_label, program.offset());
// TODO: SetCookie
//
// TODO: remove format, it sucks for performance but is convinient
let parse_schema_where_clause = format!("tbl_name = '{}' AND type != 'trigger'", tbl_name);
program.emit_insn(Insn::ParseSchema {
db: sqlite_schema_cursor_id,
where_clause: parse_schema_where_clause,
});
// TODO: SqlExec
program.emit_halt();
program.resolve_label(init_label, program.offset());
program.emit_transaction(true);
program.emit_constant_insns();
program.emit_goto(start_offset);
Ok(())
}
enum PrimaryKeyDefinitionType<'a> {
Simple {
typename: Option<&'a str>,
is_descending: bool,
},
Composite,
}
struct TableFormatter<'a> {
body: &'a ast::CreateTableBody,
}
impl Display for TableFormatter<'_> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
self.body.to_fmt(f)
}
}
fn create_table_body_to_str(tbl_name: &ast::QualifiedName, body: &ast::CreateTableBody) -> String {
let mut sql = String::new();
let formatter = TableFormatter { body };
sql.push_str(format!("CREATE TABLE {} {}", tbl_name.name.0, formatter).as_str());
match body {
ast::CreateTableBody::ColumnsAndConstraints {
columns: _,
constraints: _,
options: _,
} => {}
ast::CreateTableBody::AsSelect(_select) => todo!("as select not yet supported"),
}
sql
}