This PR closes#787. Chrono offers to format the string from an iterator
of Format Items. I created a custom iterator that only allows formatters
specified by sqlite. This approach however does not address the
inefficient way that julianday is calculated. Also, with this
implementation we avoid having to maintain a separate vendored package
for strftime that may become incompatible with Chrono in the future.
Closes#792
c779537f2f