diff --git a/core/function.rs b/core/function.rs
index 4bb6a3f9b..253c1dfe6 100644
--- a/core/function.rs
+++ b/core/function.rs
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ impl AggFunc {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub enum ScalarFunc {
     Cast,
+    Changes,
     Char,
     Coalesce,
     Concat,
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ pub enum ScalarFunc {
     Soundex,
     Date,
     Time,
+    TotalChanges,
     Typeof,
     Unicode,
     Quote,
@@ -118,6 +120,7 @@ impl Display for ScalarFunc {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         let str = match self {
             Self::Cast => "cast".to_string(),
+            Self::Changes => "changes".to_string(),
             Self::Char => "char".to_string(),
             Self::Coalesce => "coalesce".to_string(),
             Self::Concat => "concat".to_string(),
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ impl Display for ScalarFunc {
             Self::Soundex => "soundex".to_string(),
             Self::Date => "date".to_string(),
             Self::Time => "time".to_string(),
+            Self::TotalChanges => "total_changes".to_string(),
             Self::Typeof => "typeof".to_string(),
             Self::Unicode => "unicode".to_string(),
             Self::Quote => "quote".to_string(),
@@ -323,6 +327,8 @@ impl Func {
             "coalesce" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::Coalesce)),
             "concat" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::Concat)),
             "concat_ws" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::ConcatWs)),
+            "changes" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::Changes)),
+            "total_changes" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::TotalChanges)),
             "glob" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::Glob)),
             "ifnull" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::IfNull)),
             "iif" => Ok(Self::Scalar(ScalarFunc::Iif)),
diff --git a/core/translate/expr.rs b/core/translate/expr.rs
index bd8d9c94e..4ac6654c0 100644
--- a/core/translate/expr.rs
+++ b/core/translate/expr.rs
@@ -1011,6 +1011,19 @@ pub fn translate_expr(
                         ScalarFunc::Cast => {
                             unreachable!("this is always ast::Expr::Cast")
                         }
+                        ScalarFunc::Changes => {
+                            if let Some(args) = args{
+                                crate::bail_parse_error!("{} fucntion with more than 0 arguments", srf);
+                            }
+                            let start_reg = program.alloc_register();
+                            program.emit_insn(Insn::Function{
+                                constant_mask: 0,
+                                start_reg,
+                                dest: target_register,
+                                func: func_ctx,
+                            });
+                            Ok(target_register)
+                        }
                         ScalarFunc::Char => {
                             let start_reg = translate_variable_sized_function_parameter_list(
                                 program,
@@ -1501,6 +1514,19 @@ pub fn translate_expr(
                             });
                             Ok(target_register)
                         }
+                        ScalarFunc::TotalChanges => {
+                            if let Some(args) = args {
+                                crate::bail_parse_error!("{} fucntion with more than 0 arguments", srf.to_string());
+                            }
+                            let start_reg = program.alloc_register();
+                            program.emit_insn(Insn::Function{
+                                constant_mask: 0,
+                                start_reg,
+                                dest: target_register,
+                                func: func_ctx,
+                            });
+                            Ok(target_register)
+                        }
                         ScalarFunc::Trim
                         | ScalarFunc::LTrim
                         | ScalarFunc::RTrim
diff --git a/core/vdbe/mod.rs b/core/vdbe/mod.rs
index 76e332c2b..c3612c8ae 100644
--- a/core/vdbe/mod.rs
+++ b/core/vdbe/mod.rs
@@ -1321,6 +1321,10 @@ impl Program {
                                 let result = exec_cast(&reg_value_argument, &reg_value_type.value);
                                 state.registers[*dest] = result;
                             }
+                            ScalarFunc::Changes => {
+                                //placeholder
+                                state.registers[*dest] = OwnedValue::Integer(0);
+                            }
                             ScalarFunc::Char => {
                                 let reg_values =
                                     state.registers[*start_reg..*start_reg + arg_count].to_vec();
@@ -1529,6 +1533,10 @@ impl Program {
                                     exec_time(&state.registers[*start_reg..*start_reg + arg_count]);
                                 state.registers[*dest] = result;
                             }
+                            ScalarFunc::TotalChanges => {
+                                //placeholder
+                                state.registers[*dest] = OwnedValue::Integer(0);
+                            }
                             ScalarFunc::UnixEpoch => {
                                 if *start_reg == 0 {
                                     let unixepoch: String = exec_unixepoch(