diff --git a/core/schema.rs b/core/schema.rs
index 32b25d030..45e8e93e5 100644
--- a/core/schema.rs
+++ b/core/schema.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use crate::incremental::view::IncrementalView;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
 
 /// Simple view structure for non-materialized views
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -24,10 +25,8 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use crate::{util::normalize_ident, Result};
 use core::fmt;
-use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::ops::Deref;
-use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::Mutex;
 use tracing::trace;
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ impl Schema {
     /// Update [Schema] by scanning the first root page (sqlite_schema)
     pub fn make_from_btree(
         &mut self,
-        mv_cursor: Option<Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>>>,
+        mv_cursor: Option<Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>>>,
         pager: Arc<Pager>,
         syms: &SymbolTable,
     ) -> Result<()> {
diff --git a/core/storage/btree.rs b/core/storage/btree.rs
index 398e7092a..78b92fa80 100644
--- a/core/storage/btree.rs
+++ b/core/storage/btree.rs
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ use super::{
         write_varint_to_vec, IndexInteriorCell, IndexLeafCell, OverflowCell, MINIMUM_CELL_SIZE,
     },
 };
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use std::{
     cell::{Cell, Ref, RefCell},
     cmp::{Ordering, Reverse},
@@ -45,7 +46,6 @@ use std::{
     fmt::Debug,
     ops::DerefMut,
     pin::Pin,
-    rc::Rc,
     sync::Arc,
 };
 
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ pub enum CursorSeekState {
 
 pub struct BTreeCursor {
     /// The multi-version cursor that is used to read and write to the database file.
-    mv_cursor: Option<Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>>>,
+    mv_cursor: Option<Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>>>,
     /// The pager that is used to read and write to the database file.
     pub pager: Arc<Pager>,
     /// Cached value of the usable space of a BTree page, since it is very expensive to call in a hot loop via pager.usable_space().
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ impl BTreeNodeState {
 
 impl BTreeCursor {
     pub fn new(
-        mv_cursor: Option<Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>>>,
+        mv_cursor: Option<Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>>>,
         pager: Arc<Pager>,
         root_page: usize,
         num_columns: usize,
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     }
 
     pub fn new_table(
-        mv_cursor: Option<Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>>>,
+        mv_cursor: Option<Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>>>,
         pager: Arc<Pager>,
         root_page: usize,
         num_columns: usize,
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     }
 
     pub fn new_index(
-        mv_cursor: Option<Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>>>,
+        mv_cursor: Option<Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>>>,
         pager: Arc<Pager>,
         root_page: usize,
         index: &Index,
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
             match state {
                 EmptyTableState::Start => {
                     if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-                        let mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow();
+                        let mv_cursor = mv_cursor.read();
                         return Ok(IOResult::Done(mv_cursor.is_empty()));
                     }
                     let (page, c) = self.pager.read_page(self.root_page)?;
@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     #[instrument(skip(self), level = Level::DEBUG, name = "next")]
     pub fn get_next_record(&mut self) -> Result<IOResult<bool>> {
         if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow_mut();
+            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.write();
             mv_cursor.forward();
             let rowid = mv_cursor.current_row_id();
             match rowid {
@@ -4387,7 +4387,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
                 RewindState::Start => {
                     self.rewind_state = RewindState::NextRecord;
                     if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-                        let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow_mut();
+                        let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.write();
                         mv_cursor.rewind();
                     } else {
                         let c = self.move_to_root()?;
@@ -4484,7 +4484,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     #[instrument(skip(self), level = Level::DEBUG)]
     pub fn rowid(&self) -> Result<IOResult<Option<i64>>> {
         if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow_mut();
+            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.write();
             let Some(rowid) = mv_cursor.current_row_id() else {
                 return Ok(IOResult::Done(None));
             };
@@ -4513,7 +4513,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     #[instrument(skip(self, key), level = Level::DEBUG)]
     pub fn seek(&mut self, key: SeekKey<'_>, op: SeekOp) -> Result<IOResult<SeekResult>> {
         if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow_mut();
+            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.write();
             return mv_cursor.seek(key, op);
         }
         self.skip_advance.set(false);
@@ -4551,7 +4551,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
             return Ok(IOResult::Done(Some(record_ref)));
         }
         if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.borrow_mut();
+            let mut mv_cursor = mv_cursor.write();
             let Some(row) = mv_cursor.current_row()? else {
                 return Ok(IOResult::Done(None));
             };
@@ -4628,7 +4628,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
                         }
                     };
                     let row = crate::mvcc::database::Row::new(row_id, record_buf, num_columns);
-                    mv_cursor.borrow_mut().insert(row)?;
+                    mv_cursor.write().insert(row)?;
                 }
                 None => todo!("Support mvcc inserts with index btrees"),
             },
@@ -4657,8 +4657,8 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
     #[instrument(skip(self), level = Level::DEBUG)]
     pub fn delete(&mut self) -> Result<IOResult<()>> {
         if let Some(mv_cursor) = &self.mv_cursor {
-            let rowid = mv_cursor.borrow_mut().current_row_id().unwrap();
-            mv_cursor.borrow_mut().delete(rowid)?;
+            let rowid = mv_cursor.write().current_row_id().unwrap();
+            mv_cursor.write().delete(rowid)?;
             return Ok(IOResult::Done(()));
         }
 
@@ -5647,7 +5647,7 @@ impl BTreeCursor {
             .do_allocate_page(page_type, offset, BtreePageAllocMode::Any)
     }
 
-    pub fn get_mvcc_cursor(&self) -> Rc<RefCell<MvCursor>> {
+    pub fn get_mvcc_cursor(&self) -> Arc<RwLock<MvCursor>> {
         self.mv_cursor.as_ref().unwrap().clone()
     }
 }
diff --git a/core/vdbe/execute.rs b/core/vdbe/execute.rs
index 21fe827a9..e8ba7aa3e 100644
--- a/core/vdbe/execute.rs
+++ b/core/vdbe/execute.rs
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ use std::env::temp_dir;
 use std::ops::DerefMut;
 use std::{
     borrow::BorrowMut,
-    rc::Rc,
     sync::{Arc, Mutex},
 };
 use turso_macros::match_ignore_ascii_case;
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ use super::{
     sorter::Sorter,
 };
 use regex::{Regex, RegexBuilder};
-use std::{cell::RefCell, collections::HashMap};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "json")]
 use crate::{
@@ -944,7 +943,7 @@ pub fn op_open_read(
         Some((tx_id, _)) => {
             let table_id = *root_page as u64;
             let mv_store = mv_store.unwrap().clone();
-            let mv_cursor = Rc::new(RefCell::new(
+            let mv_cursor = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
                 MvCursor::new(mv_store, tx_id, table_id, pager.clone()).unwrap(),
             ));
             Some(mv_cursor)
@@ -6007,7 +6006,7 @@ pub fn op_new_rowid(
             let cursor = state.get_cursor(*cursor);
             let cursor = cursor.as_btree_mut();
             let mvcc_cursor = cursor.get_mvcc_cursor();
-            let mut mvcc_cursor = RefCell::borrow_mut(&mvcc_cursor);
+            let mut mvcc_cursor = mvcc_cursor.write();
             mvcc_cursor.get_next_rowid()
         };
         state.registers[*rowid_reg] = Register::Value(Value::Integer(rowid));
@@ -6387,7 +6386,7 @@ pub fn op_open_write(
         Some((tx_id, _)) => {
             let table_id = root_page;
             let mv_store = mv_store.unwrap().clone();
-            let mv_cursor = Rc::new(RefCell::new(
+            let mv_cursor = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
                 MvCursor::new(mv_store.clone(), tx_id, table_id, pager.clone()).unwrap(),
             ));
             Some(mv_cursor)
@@ -7160,7 +7159,7 @@ pub fn op_open_ephemeral(
                 Some((tx_id, _)) => {
                     let table_id = root_page as u64;
                     let mv_store = mv_store.unwrap().clone();
-                    let mv_cursor = Rc::new(RefCell::new(
+                    let mv_cursor = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
                         MvCursor::new(mv_store.clone(), tx_id, table_id, pager.clone()).unwrap(),
                     ));
                     Some(mv_cursor)
@@ -7266,7 +7265,7 @@ pub fn op_open_dup(
         Some((tx_id, _)) => {
             let table_id = root_page as u64;
             let mv_store = mv_store.unwrap().clone();
-            let mv_cursor = Rc::new(RefCell::new(MvCursor::new(
+            let mv_cursor = Arc::new(RwLock::new(MvCursor::new(
                 mv_store,
                 tx_id,
                 table_id,