diff --git a/core/schema.rs b/core/schema.rs
index 49cacd67b..7e7fc953e 100644
--- a/core/schema.rs
+++ b/core/schema.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
+use crate::function::Func;
 use crate::incremental::view::IncrementalView;
+use crate::translate::emitter::Resolver;
+use crate::translate::expr::{bind_and_rewrite_expr, walk_expr, ParamState, WalkControl};
+use crate::translate::optimizer::Optimizable;
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 
 /// Simple view structure for non-materialized views
@@ -15,13 +19,13 @@ pub type ViewsMap = HashMap<String, View>;
 
 use crate::storage::btree::BTreeCursor;
 use crate::translate::collate::CollationSeq;
-use crate::translate::plan::SelectPlan;
+use crate::translate::plan::{SelectPlan, TableReferences};
 use crate::util::{
     module_args_from_sql, module_name_from_sql, type_from_name, IOExt, UnparsedFromSqlIndex,
 };
 use crate::{
-    contains_ignore_ascii_case, eq_ignore_ascii_case, match_ignore_ascii_case, LimboError,
-    MvCursor, MvStore, Pager, RefValue, SymbolTable, VirtualTable,
+    contains_ignore_ascii_case, eq_ignore_ascii_case, match_ignore_ascii_case, Connection,
+    LimboError, MvCursor, MvStore, Pager, RefValue, SymbolTable, VirtualTable,
 };
 use crate::{util::normalize_ident, Result};
 use core::fmt;
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ use std::sync::Mutex;
 use tracing::trace;
 use turso_parser::ast::{self, ColumnDefinition, Expr, Literal, SortOrder, TableOptions};
 use turso_parser::{
-    ast::{Cmd, CreateTableBody, ResultColumn, Stmt},
+    ast::{Cmd, CreateTableBody, Name, ResultColumn, Stmt},
     parser::Parser,
 };
 
@@ -1750,6 +1754,102 @@ impl Index {
             .iter()
             .position(|c| c.pos_in_table == table_pos)
     }
+
+    /// Walk the where_clause Expr of a partial index and validate that it doesn't reference any other
+    /// tables or use any disallowed constructs.
+    pub fn validate_where_expr(&self, table: &Table) -> bool {
+        let Some(where_clause) = &self.where_clause else {
+            return true;
+        };
+
+        let tbl_norm = normalize_ident(self.table_name.as_str());
+        let has_col = |name: &str| {
+            let n = normalize_ident(name);
+            table
+                .columns()
+                .iter()
+                .any(|c| c.name.as_ref().is_some_and(|cn| normalize_ident(cn) == n))
+        };
+        let is_tbl = |ns: &str| normalize_ident(ns).eq_ignore_ascii_case(&tbl_norm);
+        let is_deterministic_fn = |name: &str, argc: usize| {
+            let n = normalize_ident(name);
+            Func::resolve_function(&n, argc).is_ok_and(|f| f.is_deterministic())
+        };
+
+        let mut ok = true;
+        let _ = walk_expr(where_clause.as_ref(), &mut |e: &Expr| -> crate::Result<
+            WalkControl,
+        > {
+            if !ok {
+                return Ok(WalkControl::SkipChildren);
+            }
+            match e {
+                Expr::Literal(_) | Expr::RowId { .. } => {}
+                // Unqualified identifier: must be a column of the target table or ROWID
+                Expr::Id(Name::Ident(n)) | Expr::Id(Name::Quoted(n)) => {
+                    let n = n.as_str();
+                    if !n.eq_ignore_ascii_case("rowid") && !has_col(n) {
+                        ok = false;
+                    }
+                }
+                // Qualified: qualifier must match this index's table; column must exist
+                Expr::Qualified(ns, col) | Expr::DoublyQualified(_, ns, col) => {
+                    if !is_tbl(ns.as_str()) || !has_col(col.as_str()) {
+                        ok = false;
+                    }
+                }
+                Expr::FunctionCall {
+                    name, filter_over, ..
+                }
+                | Expr::FunctionCallStar {
+                    name, filter_over, ..
+                } => {
+                    // reject windowed
+                    if filter_over.over_clause.is_some() {
+                        ok = false;
+                    } else {
+                        let argc = match e {
+                            Expr::FunctionCall { args, .. } => args.len(),
+                            Expr::FunctionCallStar { .. } => 0,
+                            _ => unreachable!(),
+                        };
+                        if !is_deterministic_fn(name.as_str(), argc) {
+                            ok = false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                // Explicitly disallowed constructs
+                Expr::Exists(_)
+                | Expr::InSelect { .. }
+                | Expr::Subquery(_)
+                | Expr::Raise { .. }
+                | Expr::Variable(_) => {
+                    ok = false;
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+            Ok(if ok {
+                WalkControl::Continue
+            } else {
+                WalkControl::SkipChildren
+            })
+        });
+        ok
+    }
+
+    pub fn bind_where_expr(
+        &self,
+        table_refs: Option<&mut TableReferences>,
+        connection: &Arc<Connection>,
+    ) -> Option<ast::Expr> {
+        let Some(where_clause) = &self.where_clause else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        let mut params = ParamState::disallow();
+        let mut expr = where_clause.clone();
+        bind_and_rewrite_expr(&mut expr, table_refs, None, connection, &mut params).ok()?;
+        Some(*expr)
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]