Merge pull request #34 from dergigi/show-npubs-and-nprofiles-as-names

Standardize npub/nprofile display and improve profile resolution

api/article-og.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { AddressPointer } from 'nostr-tools/nip19'
 import { NostrEvent, Filter } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
+import { extractProfileDisplayName } from '../src/utils/profileUtils'
 
 const { getArticleTitle, getArticleImage, getArticleSummary } = Helpers
 
@@ -117,14 +118,14 @@ async function fetchArticleMetadata(naddr: string): Promise<ArticleMetadata | nu
     const summary = getArticleSummary(article) || 'Read this article on Boris'
     const image = getArticleImage(article) || '/boris-social-1200.png'
 
-    // Extract author name from profile
+    // Extract author name from profile using centralized utility
     let authorName = pointer.pubkey.slice(0, 8) + '...'
     if (profileEvents.length > 0) {
-      try {
-        const profileData = JSON.parse(profileEvents[0].content)
-        authorName = profileData.display_name || profileData.name || authorName
-      } catch {
-        // Use fallback
+      const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(profileEvents[0])
+      if (displayName && !displayName.startsWith('@')) {
+        authorName = displayName
+      } else if (displayName) {
+        authorName = displayName.substring(1) // Remove @ prefix
       }
     }
 

src/components/AuthorCard.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { faUserCircle } from '@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons'
 import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
 import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 interface AuthorCardProps {
   authorPubkey: string
@@ -16,9 +17,7 @@ const AuthorCard: React.FC<AuthorCardProps> = ({ authorPubkey, clickable = true
   const profile = useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, [authorPubkey])
   
   const getAuthorName = () => {
-    if (profile?.name) return profile.name
-    if (profile?.display_name) return profile.display_name
-    return `${authorPubkey.slice(0, 8)}...${authorPubkey.slice(-8)}`
+    return getProfileDisplayName(profile, authorPubkey)
   }
   
   const authorImage = profile?.picture || profile?.image

src/components/BlogPostCard.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { BlogPostPreview } from '../services/exploreService'
 import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
 import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { isKnownBot } from '../config/bots'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 interface BlogPostCardProps {
   post: BlogPostPreview
@@ -24,8 +25,7 @@ const BlogPostCard: React.FC<BlogPostCardProps> = ({ post, href, level, readingP
   // No need to preload all images at once - this causes ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES
   // when there are many blog posts.
   
-  const displayName = profile?.name || profile?.display_name || 
-    `${post.author.slice(0, 8)}...${post.author.slice(-4)}`
+  const displayName = getProfileDisplayName(profile, post.author)
   const rawName = (profile?.name || profile?.display_name || '').toLowerCase()
 
   // Hide bot authors by name/display_name

src/components/BookmarkItem.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { extractUrlsFromContent } from '../services/bookmarkHelpers'
 import { classifyUrl } from '../utils/helpers'
 import { ViewMode } from './Bookmarks'
 import { getPreviewImage, fetchOgImage } from '../utils/imagePreview'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 import { CompactView } from './BookmarkViews/CompactView'
 import { LargeView } from './BookmarkViews/LargeView'
 import { CardView } from './BookmarkViews/CardView'
@@ -62,12 +63,15 @@ export const BookmarkItem: React.FC<BookmarkItemProps> = ({ bookmark, index, onS
   const authorProfile = useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, [bookmark.pubkey])
   const authorNpub = npubEncode(bookmark.pubkey)
   
-  // Get display name for author
+  // Get display name for author using centralized utility
   const getAuthorDisplayName = () => {
-    if (authorProfile?.name) return authorProfile.name
-    if (authorProfile?.display_name) return authorProfile.display_name
-    if (authorProfile?.nip05) return authorProfile.nip05
-    return short(bookmark.pubkey) // fallback to short pubkey
+    const displayName = getProfileDisplayName(authorProfile, bookmark.pubkey)
+    // getProfileDisplayName returns npub format for fallback, but we want short pubkey format
+    // So check if it's the fallback format and use short() instead
+    if (displayName.startsWith('@') && displayName.includes('...')) {
+      return short(bookmark.pubkey)
+    }
+    return displayName
   }
 
   // Get content type icon based on bookmark kind and URL classification

src/components/Bookmarks.tsx

@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@ import React, { useMemo, useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
 import { useParams, useLocation, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import { Hooks } from 'applesauce-react'
 import { useEventStore } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
+import { Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { RelayPool } from 'applesauce-relay'
 import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
+
+const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult } = Helpers
 import { useSettings } from '../hooks/useSettings'
 import { useArticleLoader } from '../hooks/useArticleLoader'
 import { useExternalUrlLoader } from '../hooks/useExternalUrlLoader'
@@ -79,16 +82,12 @@ const Bookmarks: React.FC<BookmarksProps> = ({
   // Extract tab from profile routes
   const profileTab = location.pathname.endsWith('/writings') ? 'writings' : 'highlights'
   
-  // Decode npub or nprofile to pubkey for profile view
+  // Decode npub or nprofile to pubkey for profile view using applesauce helper
   let profilePubkey: string | undefined
   if (npub && showProfile) {
     try {
       const decoded = nip19.decode(npub)
-      if (decoded.type === 'npub') {
-        profilePubkey = decoded.data
-      } else if (decoded.type === 'nprofile') {
-        profilePubkey = decoded.data.pubkey
-      }
+      profilePubkey = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded)
     } catch (err) {
       console.error('Failed to decode npub/nprofile:', err)
     }

src/components/ContentWithResolvedProfiles.tsx

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-import React from 'react'
-import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
-import { Models, Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
-import { decode } from 'nostr-tools/nip19'
-import { extractNprofilePubkeys } from '../utils/helpers'
-
-const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult } = Helpers
-
-interface Props { content: string }
-
-const ContentWithResolvedProfiles: React.FC<Props> = ({ content }) => {
-  const matches = extractNprofilePubkeys(content)
-  const decoded = matches
-    .map((m) => {
-      try { return decode(m) } catch { return undefined as undefined }
-    })
-    .filter((v): v is ReturnType<typeof decode> => Boolean(v))
-
-  const lookups = decoded
-    .map((res) => getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(res))
-    .filter((v): v is string => typeof v === 'string')
-
-  const profiles = lookups.map((pubkey) => ({ pubkey, profile: useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, [pubkey]) }))
-
-  let rendered = content
-  matches.forEach((m, i) => {
-    const pk = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded[i])
-    const found = profiles.find((p) => p.pubkey === pk)
-    const name = found?.profile?.name || found?.profile?.display_name || found?.profile?.nip05 || `${pk?.slice(0,8)}...`
-    if (name) rendered = rendered.replace(m, `@${name}`)
-  })
-
-  return <div className="bookmark-content">{rendered}</div>
-}
-
-export default ContentWithResolvedProfiles
-
-

src/components/HighlightCitation.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { fetchArticleTitle } from '../services/articleTitleResolver'
 import { Highlight } from '../types/highlights'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 interface HighlightCitationProps {
   highlight: Highlight
@@ -79,7 +80,8 @@ export const HighlightCitation: React.FC<HighlightCitationProps> = ({
     loadTitle()
   }, [highlight.eventReference, relayPool])
   
-  const authorName = authorProfile?.name || authorProfile?.display_name
+  // Use centralized profile display name utility
+  const authorName = authorPubkey ? getProfileDisplayName(authorProfile, authorPubkey) : undefined
   
   // For nostr-native content with article reference
   if (highlight.eventReference && (authorName || articleTitle)) {

src/components/HighlightItem.tsx

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import CompactButton from './CompactButton'
 import { HighlightCitation } from './HighlightCitation'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import NostrMentionLink from './NostrMentionLink'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 // Helper to detect if a URL is an image
 const isImageUrl = (url: string): boolean => {
@@ -127,9 +128,7 @@ export const HighlightItem: React.FC<HighlightItemProps> = ({
   
   // Get display name for the user
   const getUserDisplayName = () => {
-    if (profile?.name) return profile.name
-    if (profile?.display_name) return profile.display_name
-    return `${highlight.pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...` // fallback to short pubkey
+    return getProfileDisplayName(profile, highlight.pubkey)
   }
   
   

src/components/NostrMentionLink.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
-import React from 'react'
+import React, { useMemo } from 'react'
 import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
-import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
+import { Hooks } from 'applesauce-react'
+import { Models, Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
+import { isProfileInCacheOrStore } from '../utils/profileLoadingUtils'
+
+const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult } = Helpers
 
 interface NostrMentionLinkProps {
   nostrUri: string
@@ -20,25 +25,31 @@ const NostrMentionLink: React.FC<NostrMentionLinkProps> = ({
 }) => {
   // Decode the nostr URI first
   let decoded: ReturnType<typeof nip19.decode> | null = null
-  let pubkey: string | undefined
   
   try {
     const identifier = nostrUri.replace(/^nostr:/, '')
     decoded = nip19.decode(identifier)
-    
-    // Extract pubkey for profile fetching (works for npub and nprofile)
-    if (decoded.type === 'npub') {
-      pubkey = decoded.data
-    } else if (decoded.type === 'nprofile') {
-      pubkey = decoded.data.pubkey
-    }
   } catch (error) {
     // Decoding failed, will fallback to shortened identifier
   }
   
+  // Extract pubkey for profile fetching using applesauce helper (works for npub and nprofile)
+  const pubkey = decoded ? getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded) : undefined
+  
+  const eventStore = Hooks.useEventStore()
   // Fetch profile at top level (Rules of Hooks)
   const profile = useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, pubkey ? [pubkey] : null)
   
+  // Check if profile is in cache or eventStore for loading detection
+  const isInCacheOrStore = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!pubkey) return false
+    return isProfileInCacheOrStore(pubkey, eventStore)
+  }, [pubkey, eventStore])
+  
+  // Show loading if profile doesn't exist and not in cache/store (for npub/nprofile)
+  // pubkey will be undefined for non-profile types, so no need for explicit type check
+  const isLoading = !profile && pubkey && !isInCacheOrStore
+  
   // If decoding failed, show shortened identifier
   if (!decoded) {
     const identifier = nostrUri.replace(/^nostr:/, '')
@@ -49,37 +60,30 @@ const NostrMentionLink: React.FC<NostrMentionLinkProps> = ({
     )
   }
   
-  // Render based on decoded type
-  switch (decoded.type) {
-    case 'npub': {
-      const pk = decoded.data
-      const displayName = profile?.name || profile?.display_name || profile?.nip05 || `${pk.slice(0, 8)}...`
-      
-      return (
-        <a
-          href={`/p/${nip19.npubEncode(pk)}`}
-          className={className}
-          onClick={onClick}
-        >
-          @{displayName}
-        </a>
-      )
-    }
-    case 'nprofile': {
-      const { pubkey: pk } = decoded.data
-      const displayName = profile?.name || profile?.display_name || profile?.nip05 || `${pk.slice(0, 8)}...`
-      const npub = nip19.npubEncode(pk)
+  // Helper function to render profile links (used for both npub and nprofile)
+  const renderProfileLink = (pubkey: string) => {
+    const npub = nip19.npubEncode(pubkey)
+    const displayName = getProfileDisplayName(profile, pubkey)
+    const linkClassName = isLoading ? `${className} profile-loading` : className
     
     return (
       <a
         href={`/p/${npub}`}
-          className={className}
+        className={linkClassName}
         onClick={onClick}
       >
         @{displayName}
       </a>
     )
   }
+
+  // Render based on decoded type
+  // If we have a pubkey (from npub/nprofile), render profile link directly
+  if (pubkey) {
+    return renderProfileLink(pubkey)
+  }
+  
+  switch (decoded.type) {
     case 'naddr': {
       const { kind, pubkey: pk, identifier: addrIdentifier } = decoded.data
       // Check if it's a blog post (kind:30023)

src/components/ResolvedMention.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
-import React from 'react'
+import React, { useMemo } from 'react'
 import { Link } from 'react-router-dom'
 import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
+import { Hooks } from 'applesauce-react'
 import { Models, Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { decode, npubEncode } from 'nostr-tools/nip19'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
+import { isProfileInCacheOrStore } from '../utils/profileLoadingUtils'
 
 const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult } = Helpers
 
@@ -19,15 +22,27 @@ const ResolvedMention: React.FC<ResolvedMentionProps> = ({ encoded }) => {
     // ignore; will fallback to showing the encoded value
   }
 
+  const eventStore = Hooks.useEventStore()
   const profile = pubkey ? useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, [pubkey]) : undefined
-  const display = profile?.name || profile?.display_name || profile?.nip05 || (pubkey ? `${pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...` : encoded)
+  
+  // Check if profile is in cache or eventStore
+  const isInCacheOrStore = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!pubkey) return false
+    return isProfileInCacheOrStore(pubkey, eventStore)
+  }, [pubkey, eventStore])
+  
+  // Show loading if profile doesn't exist and not in cache/store
+  const isLoading = !profile && pubkey && !isInCacheOrStore
+  
+  const display = pubkey ? getProfileDisplayName(profile, pubkey) : encoded
   const npub = pubkey ? npubEncode(pubkey) : undefined
 
   if (npub) {
+    const className = isLoading ? 'nostr-mention profile-loading' : 'nostr-mention'
     return (
       <Link
         to={`/p/${npub}`}
-        className="nostr-mention"
+        className={className}
       >
         @{display}
       </Link>

src/components/RichContent.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 import React from 'react'
 import NostrMentionLink from './NostrMentionLink'
+import { Tokens } from 'applesauce-content/helpers'
+
+// Helper to add timestamps to error logs
+const ts = () => {
+  const now = new Date()
+  const ms = now.getMilliseconds().toString().padStart(3, '0')
+  return `${now.toLocaleTimeString('en-US', { hour12: false })}.${ms}`
+}
 
 interface RichContentProps {
   content: string
@@ -18,18 +26,31 @@ const RichContent: React.FC<RichContentProps> = ({
   content, 
   className = 'bookmark-content' 
 }) => {
+  try {
     // Pattern to match:
-  // 1. nostr: URIs (nostr:npub1..., nostr:note1..., etc.)
-  // 2. Plain nostr identifiers (npub1..., nprofile1..., note1..., etc.)
-  // 3. http(s) URLs
-  const pattern = /(nostr:[a-z0-9]+|npub1[a-z0-9]+|nprofile1[a-z0-9]+|note1[a-z0-9]+|nevent1[a-z0-9]+|naddr1[a-z0-9]+|https?:\/\/[^\s]+)/gi
+    // 1. nostr: URIs (nostr:npub1..., nostr:note1..., etc.) using applesauce Tokens.nostrLink
+    // 2. http(s) URLs
+    const nostrPattern = Tokens.nostrLink
+    const urlPattern = /https?:\/\/[^\s]+/gi
+    const combinedPattern = new RegExp(`(${nostrPattern.source}|${urlPattern.source})`, 'gi')
     
-  const parts = content.split(pattern)
+    const parts = content.split(combinedPattern)
+  
+    // Helper to check if a string is a nostr identifier (without mutating regex state)
+    const isNostrIdentifier = (str: string): boolean => {
+      const testPattern = new RegExp(nostrPattern.source, nostrPattern.flags)
+      return testPattern.test(str)
+    }
     
     return (
     <div className={className}>
       {parts.map((part, index) => {
-        // Handle nostr: URIs
+        // Skip empty or undefined parts
+        if (!part) {
+          return null
+        }
+        
+        // Handle nostr: URIs - Tokens.nostrLink matches both formats
         if (part.startsWith('nostr:')) {
           return (
             <NostrMentionLink
@@ -39,10 +60,8 @@ const RichContent: React.FC<RichContentProps> = ({
           )
         }
         
-        // Handle plain nostr identifiers (add nostr: prefix)
-        if (
-          part.match(/^(npub1|nprofile1|note1|nevent1|naddr1)[a-z0-9]+$/i)
-        ) {
+        // Handle plain nostr identifiers (Tokens.nostrLink matches these too)
+        if (isNostrIdentifier(part)) {
           return (
             <NostrMentionLink
               key={index}
@@ -71,6 +90,10 @@ const RichContent: React.FC<RichContentProps> = ({
       })}
     </div>
     )
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.error(`[${ts()}] [npub-resolve] RichContent: Error rendering:`, err)
+    return <div className={className}>Error rendering content</div>
+  }
 }
 
 export default RichContent

src/components/SidebarHeader.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
 import IconButton from './IconButton'
 import { faBooks } from '../icons/customIcons'
 import { preloadImage } from '../hooks/useImageCache'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 interface SidebarHeaderProps {
   onToggleCollapse: () => void
@@ -29,10 +30,7 @@ const SidebarHeader: React.FC<SidebarHeaderProps> = ({ onToggleCollapse, onLogou
 
   const getUserDisplayName = () => {
     if (!activeAccount) return 'Unknown User'
-    if (profile?.name) return profile.name
-    if (profile?.display_name) return profile.display_name
-    if (profile?.nip05) return profile.nip05
-    return `${activeAccount.pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...${activeAccount.pubkey.slice(-8)}`
+    return getProfileDisplayName(profile, activeAccount.pubkey)
   }
 
   const profileImage = getProfileImage()

src/components/Support.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { Models } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { useEventModel } from 'applesauce-react/hooks'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import { nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'
+import { getProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 
 interface SupportProps {
   relayPool: RelayPool
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ const SupporterCard: React.FC<SupporterCardProps> = ({ supporter, isWhale }) =>
   const profile = useEventModel(Models.ProfileModel, [supporter.pubkey])
 
   const picture = profile?.picture
-  const name = profile?.name || profile?.display_name || `${supporter.pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...`
+  const name = getProfileDisplayName(profile, supporter.pubkey)
 
   const handleClick = () => {
     const npub = nip19.npubEncode(supporter.pubkey)

src/hooks/useEventLoader.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import { ReadableContent } from '../services/readerService'
 import { eventManager } from '../services/eventManager'
 import { fetchProfiles } from '../services/profileService'
 import { useDocumentTitle } from './useDocumentTitle'
+import { getNpubFallbackDisplay } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
+import { extractProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/profileUtils'
 
 interface UseEventLoaderProps {
   eventId?: string
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ export function useEventLoader({
     // Initial title
     let title = `Note (${event.kind})`
     if (event.kind === 1) {
-      title = `Note by @${event.pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...`
+      title = `Note by ${getNpubFallbackDisplay(event.pubkey)}`
     }
 
     // Emit immediately
@@ -62,11 +64,12 @@ export function useEventLoader({
           // First, try to get from event store cache
           const storedProfile = eventStore.getEvent(event.pubkey + ':0')
           if (storedProfile) {
-            try {
-              const obj = JSON.parse(storedProfile.content || '{}') as { name?: string; display_name?: string; nip05?: string }
-              resolved = obj.display_name || obj.name || obj.nip05 || ''
-            } catch {
-              // ignore parse errors
+            const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(storedProfile as NostrEvent)
+            if (displayName && !displayName.startsWith('@')) {
+              // Remove @ prefix if present (we'll add it when displaying)
+              resolved = displayName
+            } else if (displayName) {
+              resolved = displayName.substring(1) // Remove @ prefix
             }
           }
 
@@ -75,11 +78,11 @@ export function useEventLoader({
             const profiles = await fetchProfiles(relayPool, eventStore as unknown as IEventStore, [event.pubkey])
             if (profiles && profiles.length > 0) {
               const latest = profiles.sort((a, b) => (b.created_at || 0) - (a.created_at || 0))[0]
-              try {
-                const obj = JSON.parse(latest.content || '{}') as { name?: string; display_name?: string; nip05?: string }
-                resolved = obj.display_name || obj.name || obj.nip05 || ''
-              } catch {
-                // ignore parse errors
+              const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(latest)
+              if (displayName && !displayName.startsWith('@')) {
+                resolved = displayName
+              } else if (displayName) {
+                resolved = displayName.substring(1) // Remove @ prefix
               }
             }
           }

src/hooks/useMarkdownToHTML.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
+import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef, useMemo } from 'react'
 import { RelayPool } from 'applesauce-relay'
-import { extractNaddrUris, replaceNostrUrisInMarkdown, replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithTitles } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
+import { extractNaddrUris, replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithProfileLabels, addLoadingClassToProfileLinks } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
 import { fetchArticleTitles } from '../services/articleTitleResolver'
+import { useProfileLabels } from './useProfileLabels'
 
 /**
  * Hook to convert markdown to HTML using a hidden ReactMarkdown component
@@ -18,58 +19,129 @@ export const useMarkdownToHTML = (
   const previewRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
   const [renderedHtml, setRenderedHtml] = useState<string>('')
   const [processedMarkdown, setProcessedMarkdown] = useState<string>('')
+  const [articleTitles, setArticleTitles] = useState<Map<string, string>>(new Map())
+
+  // Resolve profile labels progressively as profiles load
+  const { labels: profileLabels, loading: profileLoading } = useProfileLabels(markdown || '', relayPool)
+  
+  // Create stable dependencies based on Map contents, not Map objects
+  // This prevents unnecessary reprocessing when Maps are recreated with same content
+  const profileLabelsKey = useMemo(() => {
+    const key = Array.from(profileLabels.entries()).sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b)).map(([k, v]) => `${k}:${v}`).join('|')
+    return key
+  }, [profileLabels])
+  
+  const profileLoadingKey = useMemo(() => {
+    return Array.from(profileLoading.entries())
+      .filter(([, loading]) => loading)
+      .sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b))
+      .map(([k]) => k)
+      .join('|')
+  }, [profileLoading])
+  
+  const articleTitlesKey = useMemo(() => {
+    return Array.from(articleTitles.entries()).sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b)).map(([k, v]) => `${k}:${v}`).join('|')
+  }, [articleTitles])
+  
+  // Keep refs to latest Maps for processing without causing re-renders
+  const profileLabelsRef = useRef(profileLabels)
+  const profileLoadingRef = useRef(profileLoading)
+  const articleTitlesRef = useRef(articleTitles)
+  
+  // Ref to track second RAF ID for HTML extraction cleanup
+  const htmlExtractionRafIdRef = useRef<number | null>(null)
   
   useEffect(() => {
-    // Always clear previous render immediately to avoid showing stale content while processing
-    setRenderedHtml('')
-    setProcessedMarkdown('')
+    profileLabelsRef.current = profileLabels
+    profileLoadingRef.current = profileLoading
+    articleTitlesRef.current = articleTitles
+  }, [profileLabels, profileLoading, articleTitles])
 
-    if (!markdown) {
+  // Fetch article titles
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!markdown || !relayPool) {
+      setArticleTitles(new Map())
       return
     }
 
     let isCancelled = false
 
-    const processMarkdown = async () => {
-      // Extract all naddr references
+    const fetchTitles = async () => {
       const naddrs = extractNaddrUris(markdown)
+      if (naddrs.length === 0) {
+        setArticleTitles(new Map())
+        return
+      }
 
-      let processed: string
-      
-      if (naddrs.length > 0 && relayPool) {
-        // Fetch article titles for all naddrs
       try {
-          const articleTitles = await fetchArticleTitles(relayPool, naddrs)
-          
-          if (isCancelled) return
-          
-          // Replace nostr URIs with resolved titles
-          processed = replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithTitles(markdown, articleTitles)
-        } catch (error) {
-          console.warn('Failed to fetch article titles:', error)
-          // Fall back to basic replacement
-          processed = replaceNostrUrisInMarkdown(markdown)
+        const titlesMap = await fetchArticleTitles(relayPool!, naddrs)
+        if (!isCancelled) {
+          setArticleTitles(titlesMap)
         }
-      } else {
-        // No articles to resolve, use basic replacement
-        processed = replaceNostrUrisInMarkdown(markdown)
+      } catch {
+        if (!isCancelled) setArticleTitles(new Map())
       }
+    }
+
+    fetchTitles()
+    return () => { isCancelled = true }
+  }, [markdown, relayPool])
+
+  // Track previous markdown and processed state to detect actual content changes
+  const previousMarkdownRef = useRef<string | undefined>(markdown)
+  const processedMarkdownRef = useRef<string>(processedMarkdown)
+  
+  useEffect(() => {
+    processedMarkdownRef.current = processedMarkdown
+  }, [processedMarkdown])
+  
+  // Process markdown with progressive profile labels and article titles
+  // Use stable string keys instead of Map objects to prevent excessive reprocessing
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!markdown) {
+      setRenderedHtml('')
+      setProcessedMarkdown('')
+      previousMarkdownRef.current = markdown
+      processedMarkdownRef.current = ''
+      return
+    }
+
+    let isCancelled = false
+
+    const processMarkdown = () => {
+      try {
+        // Replace nostr URIs with profile labels (progressive) and article titles
+        // Use refs to get latest values without causing dependency changes
+        const processed = replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithProfileLabels(
+          markdown,
+          profileLabelsRef.current,
+          articleTitlesRef.current,
+          profileLoadingRef.current
+        )
         
         if (isCancelled) return
         
         setProcessedMarkdown(processed)
-
-      
-      const rafId = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-        if (previewRef.current && !isCancelled) {
-          const html = previewRef.current.innerHTML
-          setRenderedHtml(html)
-        } else if (!isCancelled) {
-          console.warn('⚠️ markdownPreviewRef.current is null')
+        processedMarkdownRef.current = processed
+        // HTML extraction will happen in separate useEffect that watches processedMarkdown
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error(`[markdown-to-html] Error processing markdown:`, error)
+        if (!isCancelled) {
+          setProcessedMarkdown(markdown) // Fallback to original
+          processedMarkdownRef.current = markdown
+        }
+      }
     }
-      })
 
-      return () => cancelAnimationFrame(rafId)
+    // Only clear previous content if this is the first processing or markdown changed
+    // For profile updates, just reprocess without clearing to avoid flicker
+    const isMarkdownChange = previousMarkdownRef.current !== markdown
+    previousMarkdownRef.current = markdown
+    
+    if (isMarkdownChange || !processedMarkdownRef.current) {
+      setRenderedHtml('')
+      setProcessedMarkdown('')
+      processedMarkdownRef.current = ''
     }
 
     processMarkdown()
@@ -77,7 +149,44 @@ export const useMarkdownToHTML = (
     return () => {
       isCancelled = true
     }
-  }, [markdown, relayPool])
+  }, [markdown, profileLabelsKey, profileLoadingKey, articleTitlesKey])
+
+  // Extract HTML after processedMarkdown renders
+  // This useEffect watches processedMarkdown and extracts HTML once ReactMarkdown has rendered it
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!processedMarkdown || !markdown) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    let isCancelled = false
+    
+    // Use double RAF to ensure ReactMarkdown has finished rendering:
+    // First RAF: let React complete its render cycle
+    // Second RAF: extract HTML after DOM has updated
+    const rafId1 = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+      htmlExtractionRafIdRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+        if (previewRef.current && !isCancelled) {
+          let html = previewRef.current.innerHTML
+          
+          // Post-process HTML to add loading class to profile links
+          html = addLoadingClassToProfileLinks(html, profileLoadingRef.current)
+          
+          setRenderedHtml(html)
+        } else if (!isCancelled && processedMarkdown) {
+          console.warn('⚠️ markdownPreviewRef.current is null but processedMarkdown exists')
+        }
+      })
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      isCancelled = true
+      cancelAnimationFrame(rafId1)
+      if (htmlExtractionRafIdRef.current !== null) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(htmlExtractionRafIdRef.current)
+        htmlExtractionRafIdRef.current = null
+      }
+    }
+  }, [processedMarkdown, markdown])
 
   return { renderedHtml, previewRef, processedMarkdown }
 }

src/hooks/useProfileLabels.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+import { useMemo, useState, useEffect, useRef, useCallback } from 'react'
+import { Hooks } from 'applesauce-react'
+import { Helpers, IEventStore } from 'applesauce-core'
+import { getContentPointers } from 'applesauce-factory/helpers'
+import { RelayPool } from 'applesauce-relay'
+import { NostrEvent } from 'nostr-tools'
+import { fetchProfiles, loadCachedProfiles } from '../services/profileService'
+import { getNpubFallbackDisplay } from '../utils/nostrUriResolver'
+import { extractProfileDisplayName } from '../utils/profileUtils'
+
+const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult, encodeDecodeResult } = Helpers
+
+/**
+ * Hook to resolve profile labels from content containing npub/nprofile identifiers
+ * Returns an object with labels Map and loading Map that updates progressively as profiles load
+ */
+export function useProfileLabels(
+  content: string, 
+  relayPool?: RelayPool | null
+): { labels: Map<string, string>; loading: Map<string, boolean> } {
+  const eventStore = Hooks.useEventStore()
+  
+  // Extract profile pointers (npub and nprofile) using applesauce helpers
+  const profileData = useMemo(() => {
+      try {
+        const pointers = getContentPointers(content)
+        const filtered = pointers.filter(p => p.type === 'npub' || p.type === 'nprofile')
+      const result: Array<{ pubkey: string; encoded: string }> = []
+      filtered.forEach(pointer => {
+        try {
+          const pubkey = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(pointer)
+          const encoded = encodeDecodeResult(pointer)
+          if (pubkey && encoded) {
+            result.push({ pubkey, encoded: encoded as string })
+          }
+        } catch {
+          // Ignore errors, continue processing other pointers
+        }
+      })
+      return result
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn(`[profile-labels] Error extracting profile pointers:`, error)
+      return []
+    }
+  }, [content])
+
+  // Initialize labels synchronously from cache on first render to avoid delay
+  // Use pubkey (hex) as the key instead of encoded string for canonical identification
+  const initialLabels = useMemo(() => {
+    if (profileData.length === 0) {
+      return new Map<string, string>()
+    }
+    
+    const allPubkeys = profileData.map(({ pubkey }) => pubkey)
+    const cachedProfiles = loadCachedProfiles(allPubkeys)
+    const labels = new Map<string, string>()
+    
+    profileData.forEach(({ pubkey }) => {
+      const cachedProfile = cachedProfiles.get(pubkey)
+      if (cachedProfile) {
+        const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(cachedProfile)
+        if (displayName) {
+          // Add @ prefix (extractProfileDisplayName returns name without @)
+          const label = `@${displayName}`
+          labels.set(pubkey, label)
+        } else {
+          // Use fallback npub display if profile has no name (add @ prefix)
+          const fallback = getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey)
+          labels.set(pubkey, `@${fallback}`)
+        }
+      }
+    })
+    
+    return labels
+  }, [profileData])
+
+  const [profileLabels, setProfileLabels] = useState<Map<string, string>>(initialLabels)
+  const [profileLoading, setProfileLoading] = useState<Map<string, boolean>>(new Map())
+  
+  // Batching strategy: Collect profile updates and apply them in batches via RAF to prevent UI flicker
+  // when many profiles resolve simultaneously. We use refs to avoid stale closures in async callbacks.
+  // Use pubkey (hex) as the key for canonical identification
+  const pendingUpdatesRef = useRef<Map<string, string>>(new Map())
+  const rafScheduledRef = useRef<number | null>(null)
+  
+  /**
+   * Helper to apply pending batched updates to state
+   * Cancels any scheduled RAF and applies updates synchronously
+   */
+  const applyPendingUpdates = () => {
+    const pendingUpdates = pendingUpdatesRef.current
+    if (pendingUpdates.size === 0) {
+      return
+    }
+    
+    // Cancel scheduled RAF since we're applying synchronously
+    if (rafScheduledRef.current !== null) {
+      cancelAnimationFrame(rafScheduledRef.current)
+      rafScheduledRef.current = null
+    }
+    
+    // Apply all pending updates in one batch
+    setProfileLabels(prevLabels => {
+      const updatedLabels = new Map(prevLabels)
+      for (const [pubkey, label] of pendingUpdates.entries()) {
+        updatedLabels.set(pubkey, label)
+      }
+      pendingUpdates.clear()
+      return updatedLabels
+    })
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Helper to schedule a batched update via RAF (if not already scheduled)
+   * This prevents multiple RAF calls when many profiles resolve at once
+   * Wrapped in useCallback for stable reference in dependency arrays
+   */
+  const scheduleBatchedUpdate = useCallback(() => {
+    if (rafScheduledRef.current === null) {
+      rafScheduledRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+        applyPendingUpdates()
+        rafScheduledRef.current = null
+      })
+    }
+  }, []) // Empty deps: only uses refs which are stable
+  
+    // Sync state when initialLabels changes (e.g., when content changes)
+  // This ensures we start with the correct cached labels even if profiles haven't loaded yet
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // Use a functional update to access current state without including it in dependencies
+    setProfileLabels(prevLabels => {
+      const currentPubkeys = new Set(Array.from(prevLabels.keys()))
+      const newPubkeys = new Set(profileData.map(p => p.pubkey))
+      
+      // If the content changed significantly (different set of profiles), reset state
+      const hasDifferentProfiles = 
+        currentPubkeys.size !== newPubkeys.size ||
+        !Array.from(newPubkeys).every(pk => currentPubkeys.has(pk))
+      
+      if (hasDifferentProfiles) {
+        // Clear pending updates and cancel RAF for old profiles
+        pendingUpdatesRef.current.clear()
+        if (rafScheduledRef.current !== null) {
+          cancelAnimationFrame(rafScheduledRef.current)
+          rafScheduledRef.current = null
+        }
+        // Reset to initial labels
+        return new Map(initialLabels)
+      } else {
+        // Same profiles, merge initial labels with existing state
+        // IMPORTANT: Preserve existing labels (from pending updates) and only add initial labels if missing
+        const merged = new Map(prevLabels)
+        for (const [pubkey, label] of initialLabels.entries()) {
+          // Only add initial label if we don't already have a label for this pubkey
+          // This preserves labels that were added via applyPendingUpdates
+          if (!merged.has(pubkey)) {
+            merged.set(pubkey, label)
+          }
+        }
+        return merged
+      }
+    })
+    
+    // Reset loading state when content changes significantly
+    setProfileLoading(prevLoading => {
+      const currentPubkeys = new Set(Array.from(prevLoading.keys()))
+      const newPubkeys = new Set(profileData.map(p => p.pubkey))
+      
+      const hasDifferentProfiles = 
+        currentPubkeys.size !== newPubkeys.size ||
+        !Array.from(newPubkeys).every(pk => currentPubkeys.has(pk))
+      
+      if (hasDifferentProfiles) {
+        return new Map()
+      }
+      return prevLoading
+    })
+  }, [initialLabels, profileData])
+
+  // Build initial labels: localStorage cache -> eventStore -> fetch from relays
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // Extract all pubkeys
+    const allPubkeys = profileData.map(({ pubkey }) => pubkey)
+    
+    if (allPubkeys.length === 0) {
+      setProfileLabels(new Map())
+      setProfileLoading(new Map())
+      // Clear pending updates and cancel RAF when clearing labels
+      pendingUpdatesRef.current.clear()
+      if (rafScheduledRef.current !== null) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(rafScheduledRef.current)
+        rafScheduledRef.current = null
+      }
+      return
+    }
+    
+    // Add cached profiles to EventStore for consistency
+    const cachedProfiles = loadCachedProfiles(allPubkeys)
+    if (eventStore) {
+      for (const profile of cachedProfiles.values()) {
+        eventStore.add(profile)
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // Build labels from localStorage cache and eventStore
+    // initialLabels already has all cached profiles, so we only need to check eventStore
+    // Use pubkey (hex) as the key for canonical identification
+    const labels = new Map<string, string>(initialLabels)
+    const loading = new Map<string, boolean>()
+    
+    const pubkeysToFetch: string[] = []
+    
+    profileData.forEach(({ pubkey }) => {
+      // Skip if already resolved from initial cache
+      if (labels.has(pubkey)) {
+        loading.set(pubkey, false)
+        return
+      }
+      
+      // Check EventStore for profiles that weren't in cache
+      const eventStoreProfile = eventStore?.getEvent(pubkey + ':0')
+      
+      if (eventStoreProfile && eventStore) {
+        // Extract display name using centralized utility
+        const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(eventStoreProfile as NostrEvent)
+        if (displayName) {
+          // Add @ prefix (extractProfileDisplayName returns name without @)
+          const label = `@${displayName}`
+          labels.set(pubkey, label)
+        } else {
+          // Use fallback npub display if profile has no name (add @ prefix)
+          const fallback = getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey)
+          labels.set(pubkey, `@${fallback}`)
+        }
+        loading.set(pubkey, false)
+      } else {
+      // No profile found yet, will use fallback after fetch or keep empty
+      // We'll set fallback labels for missing profiles at the end
+      // Mark as loading since we'll fetch it
+      pubkeysToFetch.push(pubkey)
+      loading.set(pubkey, true)
+      }
+    })
+    
+    // Don't set fallback labels in the Map - we'll use fallback directly when rendering
+    // This allows us to distinguish between "no label yet" (use fallback) vs "resolved label" (use Map value)
+    
+    setProfileLabels(new Map(labels))
+    setProfileLoading(new Map(loading))
+    
+    // Fetch missing profiles asynchronously with reactive updates
+    if (pubkeysToFetch.length > 0 && relayPool && eventStore) {
+      
+      // Reactive callback: collects profile updates and batches them via RAF to prevent flicker
+      // Strategy: Apply label immediately when profile resolves, but still batch for multiple profiles
+      const handleProfileEvent = (event: NostrEvent) => {
+        // Use pubkey directly as the key
+        const pubkey = event.pubkey
+        
+        // Determine the label for this profile using centralized utility
+        // Add @ prefix (both extractProfileDisplayName and getNpubFallbackDisplay return names without @)
+        const displayName = extractProfileDisplayName(event)
+        const label = displayName ? `@${displayName}` : `@${getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey)}`
+        
+        // Apply label immediately to prevent race condition with loading state
+        // This ensures labels are available when isLoading becomes false
+        setProfileLabels(prevLabels => {
+          const updated = new Map(prevLabels)
+          updated.set(pubkey, label)
+          return updated
+        })
+        
+        // Clear loading state for this profile when it resolves
+        setProfileLoading(prevLoading => {
+          const updated = new Map(prevLoading)
+          updated.set(pubkey, false)
+          return updated
+        })
+      }
+      
+      fetchProfiles(relayPool, eventStore as unknown as IEventStore, pubkeysToFetch, undefined, handleProfileEvent)
+        .then(() => {
+          // After EOSE: apply any remaining pending updates immediately
+          // This ensures all profile updates are applied even if RAF hasn't fired yet
+          applyPendingUpdates()
+          
+          // Clear loading state for all fetched profiles
+          setProfileLoading(prevLoading => {
+            const updated = new Map(prevLoading)
+            pubkeysToFetch.forEach(pubkey => {
+              updated.set(pubkey, false)
+            })
+            return updated
+          })
+        })
+        .catch((error) => {
+          console.error(`[profile-labels] Error fetching profiles:`, error)
+          // Silently handle fetch errors, but still clear any pending updates
+          pendingUpdatesRef.current.clear()
+          if (rafScheduledRef.current !== null) {
+            cancelAnimationFrame(rafScheduledRef.current)
+            rafScheduledRef.current = null
+          }
+          
+          // Clear loading state on error (show fallback)
+          setProfileLoading(prevLoading => {
+            const updated = new Map(prevLoading)
+            pubkeysToFetch.forEach(pubkey => {
+              updated.set(pubkey, false)
+            })
+            return updated
+          })
+        })
+      
+      // Cleanup: apply any pending updates before unmount to avoid losing them
+      return () => {
+        applyPendingUpdates()
+      }
+    }
+  }, [profileData, eventStore, relayPool, initialLabels, scheduleBatchedUpdate])
+  
+  return { labels: profileLabels, loading: profileLoading }
+}
+

src/services/profileService.ts

@@ -1,63 +1,288 @@
 import { RelayPool, completeOnEose, onlyEvents } from 'applesauce-relay'
-import { lastValueFrom, merge, Observable, takeUntil, timer, toArray, tap } from 'rxjs'
+import { lastValueFrom, merge, Observable, toArray, tap } from 'rxjs'
 import { NostrEvent } from 'nostr-tools'
 import { IEventStore } from 'applesauce-core'
 import { prioritizeLocalRelays, partitionRelays } from '../utils/helpers'
 import { rebroadcastEvents } from './rebroadcastService'
 import { UserSettings } from './settingsService'
 
+interface CachedProfile {
+  event: NostrEvent
+  timestamp: number
+  lastAccessed: number // For LRU eviction
+}
+
+const PROFILE_CACHE_TTL = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 // 30 days in milliseconds (profiles change less frequently than articles)
+const PROFILE_CACHE_PREFIX = 'profile_cache_'
+const MAX_CACHED_PROFILES = 1000 // Limit number of cached profiles to prevent quota issues
+let quotaExceededLogged = false // Only log quota error once per session
+
+// Request deduplication: track in-flight fetch requests by sorted pubkey array
+// Key: sorted, comma-separated pubkeys, Value: Promise for that fetch
+const inFlightRequests = new Map<string, Promise<NostrEvent[]>>()
+
+function getProfileCacheKey(pubkey: string): string {
+  return `${PROFILE_CACHE_PREFIX}${pubkey}`
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get a cached profile from localStorage
+ * Returns null if not found, expired, or on error
+ * Updates lastAccessed timestamp for LRU eviction
+ */
+export function getCachedProfile(pubkey: string): NostrEvent | null {
+  try {
+    const cacheKey = getProfileCacheKey(pubkey)
+    const cached = localStorage.getItem(cacheKey)
+    if (!cached) {
+      return null
+    }
+
+    const data: CachedProfile = JSON.parse(cached)
+    const age = Date.now() - data.timestamp
+
+    if (age > PROFILE_CACHE_TTL) {
+      localStorage.removeItem(cacheKey)
+      return null
+    }
+
+    // Update lastAccessed for LRU eviction (but don't fail if update fails)
+    try {
+      data.lastAccessed = Date.now()
+      localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, JSON.stringify(data))
+    } catch {
+      // Ignore update errors, still return the profile
+    }
+
+    return data.event
+  } catch (err) {
+    // Silently handle cache read errors (quota, invalid data, etc.)
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get all cached profile keys for eviction
+ */
+function getAllCachedProfileKeys(): Array<{ key: string; lastAccessed: number }> {
+  const keys: Array<{ key: string; lastAccessed: number }> = []
+  try {
+    for (let i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++) {
+      const key = localStorage.key(i)
+      if (key && key.startsWith(PROFILE_CACHE_PREFIX)) {
+        try {
+          const cached = localStorage.getItem(key)
+          if (cached) {
+            const data: CachedProfile = JSON.parse(cached)
+            keys.push({
+              key,
+              lastAccessed: data.lastAccessed || data.timestamp || 0
+            })
+          }
+        } catch {
+          // Skip invalid entries
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // Ignore errors during enumeration
+  }
+  return keys
+}
+
+/**
+ * Evict oldest profiles (LRU) to free up space
+ * Removes the oldest accessed profiles until we're under the limit
+ */
+function evictOldProfiles(targetCount: number): void {
+  try {
+    const keys = getAllCachedProfileKeys()
+    if (keys.length <= targetCount) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    // Sort by lastAccessed (oldest first) and remove oldest
+    keys.sort((a, b) => a.lastAccessed - b.lastAccessed)
+    const toRemove = keys.slice(0, keys.length - targetCount)
+    
+    for (const { key } of toRemove) {
+      localStorage.removeItem(key)
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // Silently fail eviction
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Cache a profile to localStorage
+ * Handles errors gracefully (quota exceeded, invalid data, etc.)
+ * Implements LRU eviction when cache is full
+ */
+export function cacheProfile(profile: NostrEvent): void {
+  try {
+    if (profile.kind !== 0) {
+      return // Only cache kind:0 (profile) events
+    }
+
+    const cacheKey = getProfileCacheKey(profile.pubkey)
+    
+    // Check if we need to evict before caching
+    const existingKeys = getAllCachedProfileKeys()
+    if (existingKeys.length >= MAX_CACHED_PROFILES) {
+      // Check if this profile is already cached
+      const alreadyCached = existingKeys.some(k => k.key === cacheKey)
+      if (!alreadyCached) {
+        // Evict oldest profiles to make room (keep 90% of max)
+        evictOldProfiles(Math.floor(MAX_CACHED_PROFILES * 0.9))
+      }
+    }
+
+    const cached: CachedProfile = {
+      event: profile,
+      timestamp: Date.now(),
+      lastAccessed: Date.now()
+    }
+    localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, JSON.stringify(cached))
+  } catch (err) {
+    // Handle quota exceeded by evicting and retrying once
+    if (err instanceof DOMException && err.name === 'QuotaExceededError') {
+      if (!quotaExceededLogged) {
+        console.warn(`[npub-cache] localStorage quota exceeded, evicting old profiles...`)
+        quotaExceededLogged = true
+      }
+      
+      // Try evicting more aggressively and retry
+      try {
+        evictOldProfiles(Math.floor(MAX_CACHED_PROFILES * 0.5))
+        const cached: CachedProfile = {
+          event: profile,
+          timestamp: Date.now(),
+          lastAccessed: Date.now()
+        }
+        localStorage.setItem(getProfileCacheKey(profile.pubkey), JSON.stringify(cached))
+      } catch {
+        // Silently fail if still can't cache - don't block the UI
+      }
+    }
+    // Silently handle other caching errors (invalid data, etc.)
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Batch load multiple profiles from localStorage cache
+ * Returns a Map of pubkey -> NostrEvent for all found profiles
+ */
+export function loadCachedProfiles(pubkeys: string[]): Map<string, NostrEvent> {
+  const cached = new Map<string, NostrEvent>()
+  
+  for (const pubkey of pubkeys) {
+    const profile = getCachedProfile(pubkey)
+    if (profile) {
+      cached.set(pubkey, profile)
+    }
+  }
+  
+  return cached
+}
+
 /**
  * Fetches profile metadata (kind:0) for a list of pubkeys
- * Stores profiles in the event store and optionally to local relays
+ * Checks localStorage cache first, then fetches from relays for missing/expired profiles
+ * Stores profiles in the event store and caches to localStorage
+ * Implements request deduplication to prevent duplicate relay requests for the same pubkey sets
  */
 export const fetchProfiles = async (
   relayPool: RelayPool,
   eventStore: IEventStore,
   pubkeys: string[],
-  settings?: UserSettings
+  settings?: UserSettings,
+  onEvent?: (event: NostrEvent) => void
 ): Promise<NostrEvent[]> => {
   try {
     if (pubkeys.length === 0) {
       return []
     }
 
-    const uniquePubkeys = Array.from(new Set(pubkeys))
+    const uniquePubkeys = Array.from(new Set(pubkeys)).sort()
     
+    // Check for in-flight request with same pubkey set (deduplication)
+    const requestKey = uniquePubkeys.join(',')
+    const existingRequest = inFlightRequests.get(requestKey)
+    if (existingRequest) {
+      return existingRequest
+    }
+    
+    // Create the fetch promise and track it
+    const fetchPromise = (async () => {
+      // First, check localStorage cache for all requested profiles
+      const cachedProfiles = loadCachedProfiles(uniquePubkeys)
+      const profilesByPubkey = new Map<string, NostrEvent>()
+      
+      // Add cached profiles to the map and EventStore
+      for (const [pubkey, profile] of cachedProfiles.entries()) {
+        profilesByPubkey.set(pubkey, profile)
+        // Ensure cached profiles are also in EventStore for consistency
+        eventStore.add(profile)
+      }
+      
+      // Determine which pubkeys need to be fetched from relays
+      const pubkeysToFetch = uniquePubkeys.filter(pubkey => !cachedProfiles.has(pubkey))
+      
+      // If all profiles are cached, return early
+      if (pubkeysToFetch.length === 0) {
+        return Array.from(profilesByPubkey.values())
+      }
+
+      // Fetch missing profiles from relays
       const relayUrls = Array.from(relayPool.relays.values()).map(relay => relay.url)
       const prioritized = prioritizeLocalRelays(relayUrls)
       const { local: localRelays, remote: remoteRelays } = partitionRelays(prioritized)
-
-    // Keep only the most recent profile for each pubkey
-    const profilesByPubkey = new Map<string, NostrEvent>()
+      const hasPurplePages = relayUrls.some(url => url.includes('purplepag.es'))
+      if (!hasPurplePages) {
+        console.warn(`[fetch-profiles] purplepag.es not in active relay pool, adding it temporarily`)
+        // Add purplepag.es if it's not in the pool (it might not have connected yet)
+        const purplePagesUrl = 'wss://purplepag.es'
+        if (!relayPool.relays.has(purplePagesUrl)) {
+          relayPool.group([purplePagesUrl])
+        }
+        // Ensure it's included in the remote relays for this fetch
+        if (!remoteRelays.includes(purplePagesUrl)) {
+          remoteRelays.push(purplePagesUrl)
+        }
+      }
+      const fetchedPubkeys = new Set<string>()
 
       const processEvent = (event: NostrEvent) => {
+        fetchedPubkeys.add(event.pubkey)
         const existing = profilesByPubkey.get(event.pubkey)
         if (!existing || event.created_at > existing.created_at) {
           profilesByPubkey.set(event.pubkey, event)
           // Store in event store immediately
           eventStore.add(event)
+          // Cache to localStorage for future use
+          cacheProfile(event)
         }
       }
 
       const local$ = localRelays.length > 0
         ? relayPool
-          .req(localRelays, { kinds: [0], authors: uniquePubkeys })
+            .req(localRelays, { kinds: [0], authors: pubkeysToFetch })
             .pipe(
               onlyEvents(),
+              onEvent ? tap((event: NostrEvent) => onEvent(event)) : tap(() => {}),
               tap((event: NostrEvent) => processEvent(event)),
-            completeOnEose(),
-            takeUntil(timer(1200))
+              completeOnEose()
             )
         : new Observable<NostrEvent>((sub) => sub.complete())
 
       const remote$ = remoteRelays.length > 0
         ? relayPool
-          .req(remoteRelays, { kinds: [0], authors: uniquePubkeys })
+            .req(remoteRelays, { kinds: [0], authors: pubkeysToFetch })
             .pipe(
               onlyEvents(),
+              onEvent ? tap((event: NostrEvent) => onEvent(event)) : tap(() => {}),
               tap((event: NostrEvent) => processEvent(event)),
-            completeOnEose(),
-            takeUntil(timer(6000))
+              completeOnEose()
             )
         : new Observable<NostrEvent>((sub) => sub.complete())
 
@@ -65,18 +290,36 @@ export const fetchProfiles = async (
 
       const profiles = Array.from(profilesByPubkey.values())
       
+      const missingPubkeys = pubkeysToFetch.filter(p => !fetchedPubkeys.has(p))
+      if (missingPubkeys.length > 0) {
+        console.warn(`[fetch-profiles] ${missingPubkeys.length} profiles not found on relays:`, missingPubkeys.map(p => p.slice(0, 16) + '...'))
+      }
+
       // Note: We don't preload all profile images here to avoid ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES
       // Profile images will be cached by Service Worker when they're actually displayed.
       // Only the logged-in user's profile image is preloaded (in SidebarHeader).
 
       // Rebroadcast profiles to local/all relays based on settings
-    if (profiles.length > 0) {
-      await rebroadcastEvents(profiles, relayPool, settings)
+      // Only rebroadcast newly fetched profiles, not cached ones
+      const newlyFetchedProfiles = profiles.filter(p => pubkeysToFetch.includes(p.pubkey))
+      if (newlyFetchedProfiles.length > 0) {
+        await rebroadcastEvents(newlyFetchedProfiles, relayPool, settings)
       }
 
       return profiles
+    })()
+    
+    // Track the request
+    inFlightRequests.set(requestKey, fetchPromise)
+    
+    // Clean up when request completes (success or failure)
+    fetchPromise.finally(() => {
+      inFlightRequests.delete(requestKey)
+    })
+    
+    return fetchPromise
   } catch (error) {
-    console.error('Failed to fetch profiles:', error)
+    console.error('[fetch-profiles] Failed to fetch profiles:', error)
     return []
   }
 }

src/styles/components/reader.css

@@ -273,3 +273,21 @@
 
 /* Reading Progress Indicator - now using Tailwind utilities in component */
 
+/* Profile loading state - subtle opacity pulse animation */
+.profile-loading {
+  opacity: 0.6;
+  animation: profile-loading-pulse 1.5s ease-in-out infinite;
+}
+
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+  .profile-loading {
+    animation: none;
+    opacity: 0.7;
+  }
+}
+
+@keyframes profile-loading-pulse {
+  0%, 100% { opacity: 0.6; }
+  50% { opacity: 1; }
+}
+

src/utils/helpers.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
-// Extract pubkeys from nprofile strings in content
 import { READING_PROGRESS } from '../config/kinds'
 
-export const extractNprofilePubkeys = (content: string): string[] => {
-  const nprofileRegex = /nprofile1[a-z0-9]+/gi
-  const matches = content.match(nprofileRegex) || []
-  const unique = new Set<string>(matches)
-  return Array.from(unique)
-}
-
 export type UrlType = 'video' | 'image' | 'youtube' | 'article'
 
 export interface UrlClassification {

src/utils/nostrUriResolver.tsx

@@ -1,40 +1,51 @@
 import { decode, npubEncode, noteEncode } from 'nostr-tools/nip19'
 import { getNostrUrl } from '../config/nostrGateways'
+import { Tokens } from 'applesauce-content/helpers'
+import { getContentPointers } from 'applesauce-factory/helpers'
+import { encodeDecodeResult } from 'applesauce-core/helpers'
+import { Helpers } from 'applesauce-core'
+
+const { getPubkeyFromDecodeResult } = Helpers
 
 /**
  * Regular expression to match nostr: URIs and bare NIP-19 identifiers
+ * Uses applesauce Tokens.nostrLink which includes word boundary checks
  * Matches: nostr:npub1..., nostr:note1..., nostr:nprofile1..., nostr:nevent1..., nostr:naddr1...
  * Also matches bare identifiers without the nostr: prefix
  */
-const NOSTR_URI_REGEX = /(?:nostr:)?((npub|note|nprofile|nevent|naddr)1[qpzry9x8gf2tvdw0s3jn54khce6mua7l]{58,})/gi
+const NOSTR_URI_REGEX = Tokens.nostrLink
 
 /**
- * Extract all nostr URIs from text
+ * Extract all nostr URIs from text using applesauce helpers
  */
 export function extractNostrUris(text: string): string[] {
-  const matches = text.match(NOSTR_URI_REGEX)
-  if (!matches) return []
-  
-  // Extract just the NIP-19 identifier (without nostr: prefix)
-  return matches.map(match => {
-    const cleanMatch = match.replace(/^nostr:/, '')
-    return cleanMatch
+  try {
+    const pointers = getContentPointers(text)
+    const result: string[] = []
+    pointers.forEach(pointer => {
+      try {
+        const encoded = encodeDecodeResult(pointer)
+        if (encoded) {
+          result.push(encoded)
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // Ignore encoding errors, continue processing other pointers
+      }
     })
+    return result
+  } catch {
+    return []
+  }
 }
 
 /**
- * Extract all naddr (article) identifiers from text
+ * Extract all naddr (article) identifiers from text using applesauce helpers
  */
 export function extractNaddrUris(text: string): string[] {
-  const allUris = extractNostrUris(text)
-  return allUris.filter(uri => {
-    try {
-      const decoded = decode(uri)
-      return decoded.type === 'naddr'
-    } catch {
-      return false
-    }
-  })
+  const pointers = getContentPointers(text)
+  return pointers
+    .filter(pointer => pointer.type === 'naddr')
+    .map(pointer => encodeDecodeResult(pointer))
 }
 
 /**
@@ -77,13 +88,14 @@ export function getNostrUriLabel(encoded: string): string {
   try {
     const decoded = decode(encoded)
     
-    switch (decoded.type) {
-      case 'npub':
-        return `@${encoded.slice(0, 12)}...`
-      case 'nprofile': {
-        const npub = npubEncode(decoded.data.pubkey)
-        return `@${npub.slice(0, 12)}...`
+    // Use applesauce helper to extract pubkey for npub/nprofile
+    const pubkey = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded)
+    if (pubkey) {
+      // Use shared fallback display function and add @ for label
+      return `@${getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey)}`
     }
+    
+    switch (decoded.type) {
       case 'note':
         return `note:${encoded.slice(5, 12)}...`
       case 'nevent': {
@@ -107,6 +119,44 @@ export function getNostrUriLabel(encoded: string): string {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Get a standardized fallback display name for a pubkey when profile has no name
+ * Returns npub format: abc1234... (without @ prefix)
+ * Components should add @ prefix when rendering mentions/links
+ * @param pubkey The pubkey in hex format
+ * @returns Formatted npub display string without @ prefix
+ */
+export function getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey: string): string {
+  try {
+    const npub = npubEncode(pubkey)
+    // Remove "npub1" prefix (5 chars) and show next 7 chars
+    return `${npub.slice(5, 12)}...`
+  } catch {
+    // Fallback to shortened pubkey if encoding fails
+    return `${pubkey.slice(0, 8)}...`
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get display name for a profile with consistent priority order
+ * Returns: profile.name || profile.display_name || profile.nip05 || npub fallback
+ * This function works with parsed profile objects (from useEventModel)
+ * For NostrEvent objects, use extractProfileDisplayName from profileUtils
+ * @param profile Profile object with optional name, display_name, and nip05 fields
+ * @param pubkey The pubkey in hex format (required for fallback)
+ * @returns Display name string
+ */
+export function getProfileDisplayName(
+  profile: { name?: string; display_name?: string; nip05?: string } | null | undefined,
+  pubkey: string
+): string {
+  // Consistent priority order: name || display_name || nip05 || fallback
+  if (profile?.name) return profile.name
+  if (profile?.display_name) return profile.display_name
+  if (profile?.nip05) return profile.nip05
+  return getNpubFallbackDisplay(pubkey)
+}
+
 /**
  * Process markdown to replace nostr URIs while skipping those inside markdown links
  * This prevents nested markdown link issues when nostr identifiers appear in URLs
@@ -258,14 +308,120 @@ export function replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithTitles(
   })
 }
 
+/**
+ * Replace nostr: URIs in markdown with proper markdown links, using resolved profile names and article titles
+ * This converts: nostr:npub1... to [@username](link) and nostr:naddr1... to [Article Title](link)
+ * Labels update progressively as profiles load
+ * @param markdown The markdown content to process
+ * @param profileLabels Map of pubkey (hex) -> display name (e.g., pubkey -> @username)
+ * @param articleTitles Map of naddr -> title for resolved articles
+ * @param profileLoading Map of pubkey (hex) -> boolean indicating if profile is loading
+ */
+export function replaceNostrUrisInMarkdownWithProfileLabels(
+  markdown: string,
+  profileLabels: Map<string, string> = new Map(),
+  articleTitles: Map<string, string> = new Map(),
+  profileLoading: Map<string, boolean> = new Map()
+): string {
+  return replaceNostrUrisSafely(markdown, (encoded) => {
+    const link = createNostrLink(encoded)
+    
+    // For articles, use the resolved title if available
+    try {
+      const decoded = decode(encoded)
+      if (decoded.type === 'naddr' && articleTitles.has(encoded)) {
+        const title = articleTitles.get(encoded)!
+        return `[${title}](${link})`
+      }
+      
+      // For npub/nprofile, extract pubkey using applesauce helper
+      const pubkey = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded)
+      if (pubkey) {
+        // Check if we have a resolved profile name using pubkey as key
+        // Use the label if: 1) we have a label, AND 2) profile is not currently loading (false or undefined)
+        const isLoading = profileLoading.get(pubkey)
+        const hasLabel = profileLabels.has(pubkey)
+        
+        // Use resolved label if we have one and profile is not loading
+        // isLoading can be: true (loading), false (loaded), or undefined (never was loading)
+        // We only avoid using the label if isLoading === true
+        if (isLoading !== true && hasLabel) {
+          const displayName = profileLabels.get(pubkey)!
+          return `[${displayName}](${link})`
+        }
+        
+        // If loading or no resolved label yet, use fallback (will show loading via post-processing)
+        const label = getNostrUriLabel(encoded)
+        return `[${label}](${link})`
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Ignore decode errors, fall through to default label
+    }
+    
+    // For other types or if not resolved, use default label (shortened npub format)
+    const label = getNostrUriLabel(encoded)
+    return `[${label}](${link})`
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * Post-process rendered HTML to add loading class to profile links that are still loading
+ * This is necessary because HTML inside markdown links doesn't render correctly
+ * @param html The rendered HTML string
+ * @param profileLoading Map of pubkey (hex) -> boolean indicating if profile is loading
+ * @returns HTML with profile-loading class added to loading profile links
+ */
+export function addLoadingClassToProfileLinks(
+  html: string,
+  profileLoading: Map<string, boolean>
+): string {
+  if (profileLoading.size === 0) {
+    return html
+  }
+  
+  // Find all <a> tags with href starting with /p/ (profile links)
+  const result = html.replace(/<a\s+[^>]*?href="\/p\/([^"]+)"[^>]*?>/g, (match, npub: string) => {
+    try {
+      // Decode npub or nprofile to get pubkey using applesauce helper
+      const decoded: ReturnType<typeof decode> = decode(npub)
+      const pubkey = getPubkeyFromDecodeResult(decoded)
+      
+      if (pubkey) {
+        // Check if this profile is loading
+        const isLoading = profileLoading.get(pubkey)
+        
+        if (isLoading === true) {
+          // Add profile-loading class if not already present
+          if (!match.includes('profile-loading')) {
+            // Insert class before the closing >
+            const classMatch = /class="([^"]*)"/.exec(match)
+            if (classMatch) {
+              const updated = match.replace(/class="([^"]*)"/, `class="$1 profile-loading"`)
+              return updated
+            } else {
+              const updated = match.replace(/(<a\s+[^>]*?)>/, '$1 class="profile-loading">')
+              return updated
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Ignore processing errors
+    }
+    
+    return match
+  })
+  
+  return result
+}
+
 /**
  * Replace nostr: URIs in HTML with clickable links
  * This is used when processing HTML content directly
  */
 export function replaceNostrUrisInHTML(html: string): string {
-  return html.replace(NOSTR_URI_REGEX, (match) => {
-    // Extract just the NIP-19 identifier (without nostr: prefix)
-    const encoded = match.replace(/^nostr:/, '')
+  return html.replace(NOSTR_URI_REGEX, (_match, encoded) => {
+    // encoded is already the NIP-19 identifier without nostr: prefix (from capture group)
     const link = createNostrLink(encoded)
     const label = getNostrUriLabel(encoded)
     

src/utils/profileLoadingUtils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { IEventStore } from 'applesauce-core'
+import { loadCachedProfiles } from '../services/profileService'
+
+/**
+ * Check if a profile exists in cache or eventStore
+ * Used to determine if profile loading state should be shown
+ * @param pubkey The pubkey in hex format
+ * @param eventStore Optional eventStore instance
+ * @returns true if profile exists in cache or eventStore, false otherwise
+ */
+export function isProfileInCacheOrStore(
+  pubkey: string,
+  eventStore?: IEventStore | null
+): boolean {
+  if (!pubkey) return false
+  
+  // Check cache first
+  const cached = loadCachedProfiles([pubkey])
+  if (cached.has(pubkey)) {
+    return true
+  }
+  
+  // Check eventStore
+  const eventStoreProfile = eventStore?.getEvent(pubkey + ':0')
+  return !!eventStoreProfile
+}
+

src/utils/profileUtils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { NostrEvent } from 'nostr-tools'
+import { getNpubFallbackDisplay } from './nostrUriResolver'
+
+/**
+ * Extract display name from a profile event (kind:0) with consistent priority order
+ * Priority: name || display_name || nip05 || npub fallback
+ * 
+ * @param profileEvent The profile event (kind:0) to extract name from
+ * @returns Display name string, or empty string if event is invalid
+ */
+export function extractProfileDisplayName(profileEvent: NostrEvent | null | undefined): string {
+  if (!profileEvent || profileEvent.kind !== 0) {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const profileData = JSON.parse(profileEvent.content || '{}') as { 
+      name?: string
+      display_name?: string
+      nip05?: string
+    }
+    
+    // Consistent priority: name || display_name || nip05
+    if (profileData.name) return profileData.name
+    if (profileData.display_name) return profileData.display_name
+    if (profileData.nip05) return profileData.nip05
+    
+    // Fallback to npub if no name fields
+    return getNpubFallbackDisplay(profileEvent.pubkey)
+  } catch (error) {
+    // If JSON parsing fails, use npub fallback
+    try {
+      return getNpubFallbackDisplay(profileEvent.pubkey)
+    } catch {
+      // If npub encoding also fails, return empty string
+      return ''
+    }
+  }
+}
+